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首页> 外文期刊>Applied Microbiology >Microbial Diversity and Putative Diazotrophy in High- and Low-Microbial-Abundance Mediterranean Sponges
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Microbial Diversity and Putative Diazotrophy in High- and Low-Microbial-Abundance Mediterranean Sponges

机译：高和低微生物丰度地中海海绵中的微生物多样性和推定的重氮营养

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Microbial communities associated with marine sponges carry out nutrient transformations essential for benthic-pelagic coupling; however, knowledge about their composition and function is still sparse. We evaluated the richness and diversity of prokaryotic assemblages associated with three high-microbial-abundance (HMA) and three low-microbial-abundance (LMA) sympatric Mediterranean sponges to address their stability and uniqueness. Moreover, to examine functionality and because an imbalance between nitrogen ingestion and excretion has been observed for some of these species, we sequenced nitrogenase genes ( nifH ) and measured N_(2) fixation. The prokaryotic communities in the two sponge types did not differ in terms of richness, but the highest diversity was found in HMA sponges. Moreover, the discrete composition of the communities in the two sponge types relative to that in the surrounding seawater indicated that horizontal transmission and vertical transmission affect the microbiomes associated with the two sponge categories. nifH genes were found in all LMA species and sporadically in one HMA species, and about half of the nifH gene sequences were common between the different sponge species and were also found in the surrounding water, suggesting horizontal transmission. ~(15)N_(2)-enriched incubations showed that N_(2) fixation was measurable in the water but was not associated with the sponges. Also, the analysis of the isotopic ratio of ~(15)N to ~(14)N in sponge tissue indicated that N_(2) fixation is not an important source of nitrogen in these Mediterranean sponges. Overall, our results suggest that compositional and functional features differ between the prokaryotic communities associated with HMA and LMA sponges, which may affect sponge ecology.
机译：与海洋海绵有关的微生物群落进行底栖-上层耦合必需的养分转化;但是，关于它们的组成和功能的知识仍然很少。我们评估了与三种高微生物丰度（HMA）和三种低微生物丰度（LMA）同胞地中海海绵相关的原核生物的丰富性和多样性，以解决它们的稳定性和独特性。此外，为了检查功能性，并且因为已经观察到其中某些物种的氮摄入和排泄之间不平衡，我们对固氮酶基因（nifH）进行了测序，并测量了N_（2）固定。两种海绵类型的原核生物群落的丰富度没有差异，但在HMA海绵中发现的多样性最高。此外，相对于周围海水而言，两种海绵类型中群落的离散组成表明，水平传播和垂直传播会影响与两个海绵类别相关的微生物群落。在所有LMA物种中发现了nifH基因，在一个HMA物种中偶尔发现了nifH基因，并且大约一半的nifH基因序列在不同的海绵物种之间相同，并且在周围的水中也发现，表明水平传播。 〜（15）N_（2）富集的孵育表明，N_（2）固定在水中是可测量的，但与海绵无关。同样，对海绵组织中〜（15）N与〜（14）N同位素比的分析表明，N_（2）固定不是这些地中海海绵中重要的氮源。总体而言，我们的结果表明，与HMA和LMA海绵相关的原核生物群落的组成和功能特征有所不同，这可能会影响海绵的生态。

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