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首页> 外文期刊>Applied Microbiology >Colony Location and Captivity Influence the Gut Microbial Community Composition of the Australian Sea Lion (Neophoca cinerea)
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Colony Location and Captivity Influence the Gut Microbial Community Composition of the Australian Sea Lion (Neophoca cinerea)

机译：菌落的位置和圈养会影响澳大利亚海狮（Neophoca cinerea）肠道菌群的组成

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Gut microbiota play an important role in maintenance of mammalian metabolism and immune system regulation, and disturbances to this community can have adverse impacts on animal health. To better understand the composition of gut microbiota in marine mammals, fecal bacterial communities of the Australian sea lion ( Neophoca cinerea ), an endangered pinniped with localized distribution, were examined. A comparison of samples from individuals across 11 wild colonies in South and Western Australia and three Australian captive populations showed five dominant bacterial phyla: Firmicutes , Proteobacteria , Bacteroidetes , Actinobacteria , and Fusobacteria . The phylum Firmicutes was dominant in both wild (76.4% ± 4.73%) and captive animals (61.4% ± 10.8%), while Proteobacteria contributed more to captive (29.3% ± 11.5%) than to wild (10.6% ± 3.43%) fecal communities. Qualitative differences were observed between fecal communities from wild and captive animals based on principal-coordinate analysis. SIMPER (similarity percentage procedure) analyses indicated that operational taxonomic units (OTU) from the bacterial families Clostridiaceae and Ruminococcaceae were more abundant in wild than in captive animals and contributed most to the average dissimilarity between groups (SIMPER contributions of 19.1% and 10.9%, respectively). Differences in the biological environment, the foraging site fidelity, and anthropogenic impacts may provide various opportunities for unique microbial establishment in Australian sea lions. As anthropogenic disturbances to marine mammals are likely to increase, understanding the potential for such disturbances to impact microbial community compositions and subsequently affect animal health will be beneficial for management of these vulnerable species.IMPORTANCE The Australian sea lion is an endangered species for which there is currently little information regarding disease and microbial ecology. In this work, we present an in-depth study of the fecal microbiota of a large number of Australian sea lions from geographically diverse wild and captive populations. Colony location and captivity were found to influence the gut microbial community compositions of these animals. Our findings significantly extend the baseline knowledge of marine mammal gut microbiome composition and variability.
机译：肠道菌群在维持哺乳动物的新陈代谢和免疫系统调节中起着重要作用，对该社区的干扰可能对动物健康产生不利影响。为了更好地了解海洋哺乳动物中肠道菌群的组成，对濒临灭绝并局部分布的濒临灭绝的澳大利亚海狮（Neophoca cinerea）的粪便细菌群落进行了检查。对南澳大利亚州和西澳大利亚州的11个野生菌落以及三个澳大利亚圈养种群的样本进行比较后，发现了五个优势细菌菌群：硬毛菌，变形杆菌，拟杆菌，放线菌和融合细菌。在野生动物（76.4％±4.73％）和圈养动物（61.4％±10.8％）中，Firmicutes菌占主导地位，而对野生动物（10.6％±3.43％）的粪便，变形杆菌对圈养（29.3％±11.5％）的贡献更大。社区。根据主坐标分析，在野生和圈养动物的粪便群落之间观察到质的差异。 SIMPER（相似性百分比程序）分析表明，野生动物中的梭菌科和瘤菌科细菌属的操作分类单位（OTU）比圈养动物中丰富，并且是造成组间平均差异最大的原因（SIMPER贡献分别为19.1％和10.9％，分别）。生物环境，觅食地点保真度和人为影响的差异可能为澳大利亚海狮独特的微生物建立提供各种机会。由于对海洋哺乳动物的人为干扰可能会增加，因此了解此类干扰影响微生物群落组成并随后影响动物健康的可能性将有利于这些脆弱物种的管理。重要事项澳大利亚海狮是一种濒临灭绝的物种，目前关于疾病和微生物生态学的信息很少。在这项工作中，我们对来自不同地理分布的野生和圈养种群的大量澳大利亚海狮的粪便微生物群进行了深入研究。发现菌落的位置和圈养会影响这些动物的肠道微生物群落组成。我们的发现大大扩展了海洋哺乳动物肠道微生物组组成和变异性的基础知识。

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