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首页> 外文期刊>Applied Microbiology >Fecal Microbiotas of Indonesian and New Zealand Children Differ in Complexity and Bifidobacterial Taxa during the First Year of Life
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Fecal Microbiotas of Indonesian and New Zealand Children Differ in Complexity and Bifidobacterial Taxa during the First Year of Life

机译：印度尼西亚和新西兰儿童生命第一年的粪便微生物群在复杂性和双歧杆菌类​​群上有所不同

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The biological succession that occurs during the first year of life in the gut of infants in Western countries is broadly predictable in terms of the increasing complexity of the composition of microbiotas. Less information is available about microbiotas in Asian countries, where environmental, nutritional, and cultural influences may differentially affect the composition and development of the microbial community. We compared the fecal microbiotas of Indonesian (n?=?204) and New Zealand (NZ) (n?=?74) infants 6 to 7?months and 12?months of age. Comparisons were made by analysis of 16S rRNA gene sequences and derivation of community diversity metrics, relative abundances of bacterial families, enterotypes, and cooccurrence correlation networks. Abundances of Bifidobacterium longum subsp. infantis and B. longum subsp. longum were determined by quantitative PCR. All observations supported the view that the Indonesian and NZ infant microbiotas developed in complexity over time, but the changes were much greater for NZ infants. B. longum subsp. infantis dominated the microbiotas of Indonesian children, whereas B. longum subsp. longum was dominant in NZ children. Network analysis showed that the niche model (in which trophic adaptation results in preferential colonization) of the assemblage of microbiotas was supported in Indonesian infants, whereas the neutral (stochastic) model was supported by the development of the microbiotas of NZ infants. The results of the study show that the development of the fecal microbiota is not the same for infants in all countries, and they point to the necessity of obtaining a better understanding of the factors that control the colonization of the gut in early life.IMPORTANCE This study addresses the microbiology of a natural ecosystem (the infant bowel) for children in a rural setting in Indonesia and in an urban environment in New Zealand. Analysis of DNA sequences generated from the microbial community (microbiota) in the feces of the infants during the first year of life showed marked differences in the composition and complexity of the bacterial collections. The differences were most likely due to differences in the prevalence and duration of breastfeeding of infants in the two countries. These kinds of studies are essential for developing concepts of microbial ecology related to the influence of nutrition and environment on the development of the gut microbiota and for determining the long-term effects of microbiological events in early life on human health and well-being.
机译：就微生物群落组成的日益复杂而言，西方国家婴儿肠道内第一年发生的生物演替是可以广泛预测的。在亚洲国家，关于微生物群落的信息很少，在亚洲国家，环境，营养和文化影响可能会不同地影响微生物群落的组成和发展。我们比较了印度尼西亚（n == 204）和新西兰（NZ）（n == 74）6至7个月大和12个月大的婴儿的粪便菌群。通过对16S rRNA基因序列的分析和社区多样性指标的推导，细菌家族的相对丰度，肠型和共现相关网络进行比较。长双歧杆菌亚种的丰富。婴儿和长双歧杆菌亚种。通过定量PCR确定长粒。所有观察结果都支持这样的观点，即印度尼西亚和新西兰婴儿的微生物群会随着时间的流逝而变得复杂，但新西兰婴儿的变化更大。 B.长子亚种婴儿占主导地位的印度尼西亚儿童的微生物群，而长双歧杆菌亚种。 longum在新西兰儿童中占主导地位。网络分析表明，印度尼西亚婴儿群支持了微生物群落组合的生态位模型（营养适应性导致优先定居），而新西兰婴儿微生物群的发育支持了中性（随机）模型。研究结果表明，在所有国家/地区，婴儿粪便微生物群的发育情况都不尽相同，他们指出有必要更好地了解控制早期肠道中肠道菌落形成的因素。研究针对印度尼西亚农村地区和新西兰城市环境中儿童的自然生态系统（婴儿肠道）的微生物学。在生命的第一年中，从婴儿粪便中的微生物群落（微生物群）产生的DNA序列分析表明，细菌收集物的组成和复杂性存在明显差异。这种差异很可能是由于两国婴儿的母乳喂养发生率和持续时间不同。这些研究对于开发与营养和环境对肠道菌群发育的影响有关的微生物生态学概念，以及确定早期微生物事件对人类健康和福祉的长期影响至关重要。

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