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首页> 外文期刊>Applied Microbiology >Isolation and Characterization of 4-tert-Butylphenol-Utilizing Sphingobium fuliginis Strains from Phragmites australis Rhizosphere Sediment
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Isolation and Characterization of 4-tert-Butylphenol-Utilizing Sphingobium fuliginis Strains from Phragmites australis Rhizosphere Sediment

机译：芦苇根际沉积物中利用4-叔丁基苯酚的Sphingobium fuliginis菌株的分离和鉴定

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We isolated three Sphingobium fuliginis strains from Phragmites australis rhizosphere sediment that were capable of utilizing 4- tert -butylphenol as a sole carbon and energy source. These strains are the first 4- tert -butylphenol-utilizing bacteria. The strain designated TIK-1 completely degraded 1.0 mM 4- tert -butylphenol in basal salts medium within 12 h, with concomitant cell growth. We identified 4- tert -butylcatechol and 3,3-dimethyl-2-butanone as internal metabolites by gas chromatography-mass spectrometry. When 3-fluorocatechol was used as an inactivator of meta -cleavage enzymes, strain TIK-1 could not degrade 4- tert -butylcatechol and 3,3-dimethyl-2-butanone was not detected. We concluded that metabolism of 4- tert -butylphenol by strain TIK-1 is initiated by hydroxylation to 4- tert -butylcatechol, followed by a meta -cleavage pathway. Growth experiments with 20 other alkylphenols showed that 4-isopropylphenol, 4- sec -butylphenol, and 4- tert -pentylphenol, which have alkyl side chains of three to five carbon atoms with α-quaternary or α-tertiary carbons, supported cell growth but that 4- n -alkylphenols, 4- tert -octylphenol, technical nonylphenol, 2-alkylphenols, and 3-alkylphenols did not. The rate of growth on 4- tert -butylphenol was much higher than that of growth on the other alkylphenols. Degradation experiments with various alkylphenols showed that strain TIK-1 cells grown on 4- tert -butylphenol could degrade 4-alkylphenols with variously sized and branched side chains (ethyl, n -propyl, isopropyl, n -butyl, sec -butyl, tert -butyl, n -pentyl, tert -pentyl, n -hexyl, n -heptyl, n -octyl, tert -octyl, n -nonyl, and branched nonyl) via a meta -cleavage pathway but not 2- or 3-alkylphenols. Along with the degradation of these alkylphenols, we detected methyl alkyl ketones that retained the structure of the original alkyl side chains. Strain TIK-1 may be useful in the bioremediation of environments polluted by 4- tert -butylphenol and various other 4-alkylphenols.
机译：我们从芦苇根际沉积物中分离了三株鞘氨醇单胞菌菌株，它们能够利用4-叔丁基苯酚作为唯一的碳和能源。这些菌株是最早利用4-叔丁基苯酚的细菌。命名为TIK-1的菌株在12 h内可在基础盐培养基中完全降解1.0 mM 4-叔丁基苯酚，并伴随细胞生长。我们通过气相色谱-质谱法鉴定了4-叔丁基邻苯二酚和3,3-二甲基-2-丁酮为内部代谢物。当使用3-氟邻苯二酚作为间位裂解酶的灭活剂时，菌株TIK-1不能降解4-叔丁基邻苯二酚，并且未检测到3,3-二甲基-2-丁酮。我们得出的结论是，菌株TIK-1的4-叔丁基苯酚代谢是通过羟基化为4-叔丁基邻苯二酚，然后是间位裂解途径而开始的。用其他20种烷基酚进行的生长实验表明，具有3至5个碳原子的烷基侧链，具有α-季碳或α-叔碳的4-异丙基苯酚，4-仲丁基苯酚和4-叔戊基苯酚支持细胞生长，但而4-正烷基苯酚，4-叔辛基苯酚，工业壬基苯酚，2-烷基苯酚和3-烷基苯酚则没有。 4-叔丁基苯酚的生长速率远高于其他烷基酚的生长速率。各种烷基酚的降解实验表明，在4-叔丁基苯酚上生长的TIK-1菌株细胞可以降解具有不同大小和支链侧链（乙基，正丙基，异丙基，正丁基，仲丁基，叔丁基）的4-烷基酚。丁基，正戊基，叔戊基，正己基，正庚基，正辛基，叔辛基，正壬基和支化壬基）通过间位裂解途径而不是2-或3-烷基酚。随着这些烷基酚的降解，我们检测到保留原始烷基侧链结构的甲基烷基酮。 TIK-1菌株可用于对4-叔丁基苯酚和各种其他4-烷基苯酚污染的环境进行生物修复。

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