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首页> 外文期刊>Applied Microbiology >Analysis of Magnetosome Chains in Magnetotactic Bacteria by Magnetic Measurements and Automated Image Analysis of Electron Micrographs
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Analysis of Magnetosome Chains in Magnetotactic Bacteria by Magnetic Measurements and Automated Image Analysis of Electron Micrographs

机译：磁测法和电子显微照片自动图像分析法分析趋磁细菌中的核小体链

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Magnetotactic bacteria (MTB) align along the Earth's magnetic field by the activity of intracellular magnetosomes, which are membrane-enveloped magnetite or greigite particles that are assembled into well-ordered chains. Formation of magnetosome chains was found to be controlled by a set of specific proteins in Magnetospirillum gryphiswaldense and other MTB. However, the contribution of abiotic factors on magnetosome chain assembly has not been fully explored. Here, we first analyzed the effect of growth conditions on magnetosome chain formation in M. gryphiswaldense by electron microscopy. Whereas higher temperatures (30 to 35°C) and high oxygen concentrations caused increasingly disordered chains and smaller magnetite crystals, growth at 20°C and anoxic conditions resulted in long chains with mature cuboctahedron-shaped crystals. In order to analyze the magnetosome chain in electron microscopy data sets in a more quantitative and unbiased manner, we developed a computerized image analysis algorithm. The collected data comprised the cell dimensions and particle size and number as well as the intracellular position and extension of the magnetosome chain. The chain analysis program (CHAP) was used to evaluate the effects of the genetic and growth conditions on magnetosome chain formation. This was compared and correlated to data obtained from bulk magnetic measurements of wild-type (WT) and mutant cells displaying different chain configurations. These techniques were used to differentiate mutants due to magnetosome chain defects on a bulk scale.
机译：趋磁细菌（MTB）通过细胞内磁小体的活动沿地球磁场排列，细胞内小体是膜包裹的磁铁矿或钙铁矿颗粒，被组装成有序的链。发现磁小体链的形成受格氏螺螺旋藻和其他MTB中的一组特定蛋白质控制。但是，尚未充分探索非生物因子对磁小体链组装的贡献。在这里，我们首先通过电子显微镜分析了生长条件对格氏疟原虫磁小体链形成的影响。较高的温度（30至35°C）和较高的氧浓度会导致越来越多的无序链和较小的磁铁矿晶体，而在20°C和缺氧条件下的生长会导致长链形成成熟的八面体形晶体。为了以更定量和无偏的方式分析电子显微镜数据集中的磁小体链，我们开发了一种计算机图像分析算法。收集的数据包括细胞大小，粒径和数量以及磁小体链的细胞内位置和延伸。链分析程序（CHAP）用于评估遗传和生长条件对磁小体链形成的影响。对此进行了比较，并将其与从显示不同链构型的野生型（WT）和突变细胞的体磁测量获得的数据相关联。这些技术被用来区分由于磁小体链缺陷而引起的突变体。

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