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首页> 外文期刊>Applied Microbiology >The Gastrointestinal Tract of the White-Throated Woodrat (Neotoma albigula) Harbors Distinct Consortia of Oxalate-Degrading Bacteria
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The Gastrointestinal Tract of the White-Throated Woodrat (Neotoma albigula) Harbors Distinct Consortia of Oxalate-Degrading Bacteria

机译：白喉Woodrat（Neotoma albigula）的胃肠道带有不同的草酸盐降解细菌财团。

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The microbiota inhabiting the mammalian gut is a functional organ that provides a number of services for the host. One factor that may regulate the composition and function of gut microbial communities is dietary toxins. Oxalate is a toxic plant secondary compound (PSC) produced in all major taxa of vascular plants and is consumed by a variety of animals. The mammalian herbivore Neotoma albigula is capable of consuming and degrading large quantities of dietary oxalate. We isolated and characterized oxalate-degrading bacteria from the gut contents of wild-caught animals and used high-throughput sequencing to determine the distribution of potential oxalate-degrading taxa along the gastrointestinal tract. Isolates spanned three genera: Lactobacillus , Clostridium , and Enterococcus . Over half of the isolates exhibited significant oxalate degradation in vitro , and all Lactobacillus isolates contained the oxc gene, one of the genes responsible for oxalate degradation. Although diverse potential oxalate-degrading genera were distributed throughout the gastrointestinal tract, they were most concentrated in the foregut, where dietary oxalate first enters the gastrointestinal tract. We hypothesize that unique environmental conditions present in each gut region provide diverse niches that select for particular functional taxa and communities.
机译：居住在哺乳动物肠道中的微生物群是为宿主提供多种服务的功能器官。可能调节肠道微生物群落组成和功能的因素之一是饮食中的毒素。草酸盐是在维管植物的所有主要分类单元中产生的有毒植物次级化合物（PSC），被各种动物食用。哺乳动物的草食动物Neotoma albigula能够消耗和降解大量的草酸饮食。我们从野生动物的肠道内容物中分离并表征了降解草酸盐的细菌，并使用高通量测序来确定潜在的降解草酸盐的类群在胃肠道中的分布。分离物跨​​越三个属：乳杆菌，梭菌和肠球菌。一半以上的分离物在体外表现出明显的草酸盐降解，并且所有乳酸杆菌分离物均含有oxc基因，该基因是造成草酸盐降解的基因之一。尽管各种潜在的草酸盐降解属分布在整个胃肠道中，但它们最集中在前肠，其中草酸饮食首先进入胃肠道。我们假设每个肠道区域中存在的独特环境条件会为特定的功能类群和群落提供不同的生态位。

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