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Using Real-time Feedback in a Training System for Manual Procedures

机译：在培训系统中使用实时反馈进行手动操作

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Human workers remain a crucial part of production environments for conducting manual assembly or maintenance procedures, despite increasing automation. These procedures cannot be automated due to small lot sizes and high product variability. Performing manual procedures requires the application of procedural knowledge and motor skills, such as bimanual coordination and complex hand movements. Many training systems for manual procedures have been proposed. However, these systems focus on declarative knowledge about the sequence of work steps. The inherent haptic characteristics and sense for correct tool and component application gets lost. This paper proposes a training system that introduces haptic components for the training of assembly procedures. The proposed training system instructs the user in mounting two physical components by employing haptic and visual interaction. Augmentations and real-time feedback assist the user during the training and enable the assessment of applying accurate torque on screw connections. An evaluation compared the training system against video-based instructions and indicated advantages for the proposed system in terms of objective measures (time on task, precision) and in terms of subjective measures such as usability.
机译：尽管自动化程度不断提高，但人工仍然是生产环境中执行手动组装或维护程序的关键部分。由于批量小和产品差异大，这些程序无法实现自动化。执行手动程序需要应用程序知识和运动技能，例如双手协调和复杂的手部动作。已经提出了许多用于手动程序的培训系统。但是，这些系统集中于有关工作步骤顺序的声明性知识。正确的工具和组件应用的固有触觉特性和感觉会丢失。本文提出了一种训练系统，该系统引入了用于装配程序训练的触觉组件。所提出的训练系统通过使用触觉和视觉交互来指导用户安装两个物理组件。增强和实时反馈可在培训过程中为用户提供帮助，并可以评估在螺钉连接上施加准确扭矩的情况。一项评估将培训系统与基于视频的指令进行了比较，并指出了所建议系统在客观度量（任务执行时间，准确性）和主观度量（如可用性）方面的优势。

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