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Innate Antimicrobial Activity of Nasal Secretions

机译：鼻分泌物的先天抗菌活性

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Minimally manipulated nasal secretions, an accessible form of airway surface fluid, were tested against indigenous and added bacteria by using CFU assays. Antimicrobial activity was found to vary between donors and with different target bacteria and was markedly diminished by dilution of the airway secretions. Donor-to-donor differences in electrophoresis patterns of nasal secretions in sodium dodecyl sulfate-polyacrylamide gel electrophoresis (PAGE) and acid urea-PAGE analyses were readily observed, suggesting that polymorphic genes encode the secreted proteins. Three donors (of twenty-four total), whose nasal fluid yielded similar protein band patterns and did not kill indigenous bacteria, were determined to be heavy nasal carriers of Staphylococcus aureus. Their fluid was deficient in microbicidal activity toward a colonizing strain of S. aureus but the defect was corrected in vitro by a 1:1 addition of nasal fluid from noncarriers. The microbicidal activity of normal fluid was inactivated by heating it for 10 min to 100°C and could not be restored solely by the addition of two major nasal antimicrobial proteins, lysozyme and lactoferrin. Several other known antimicrobial proteins and peptides, including statherin, secretory phospholipase A2, and defensins, were identified in nasal secretions and likely contribute to their total antimicrobial properties. Nasal fluid may serve as a useful model for the analysis of lower-airway secretions and their role in host defense against airway colonization and pulmonary infections.
机译：通过使用CFU测定法，对最低限度操纵的鼻腔分泌物（一种气道表面液的可及形式）进行了针对本地细菌和添加细菌的测试。发现抗微生物活性在供体之间和具有不同靶细菌的情况下是不同的，并且由于气道分泌物的稀释而显着减弱。在十二烷基硫酸钠-聚丙烯酰胺凝胶电泳（PAGE）和酸性尿素-PAGE分析中，很容易观察到鼻腔分泌物电泳模式的供体差异，这表明多态性基因编码分泌的蛋白质。确定了三个供体（总共24个）的鼻液产生相似的蛋白条带模式，并且没有杀死本地细菌，被确定为金黄色葡萄球菌的重鼻载体。他们的体液对定殖菌 S的杀菌活性不足。金黄色葡萄球菌，但通过非载体的1：1鼻液添加在体外纠正了这一缺陷。正常液体的杀菌活性通过加热10分钟至100°C而失活，仅通过添加两种主要的鼻腔抗菌蛋白，溶菌酶和乳铁蛋白无法恢复。鼻分泌物中还鉴定出了其他几种已知的抗菌蛋白和肽，包括斯泰汀，分泌型磷脂酶A 2 和防御素，它们可能对它们的总体抗菌特性有所贡献。鼻液可作为分析下气道分泌物及其在宿主抵抗气道定植和肺部感染中的作用的有用模型。

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