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首页> 外文期刊>Infection and immunity >Toxoplasma gondii Strains Defective in Oral Transmission Are Also Defective in Developmental Stage Differentiation
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Toxoplasma gondii Strains Defective in Oral Transmission Are Also Defective in Developmental Stage Differentiation

机译：弓形虫口腔传播缺陷型菌株在发育阶段的分化中也有缺陷。

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Toxoplasma gondii undergoes differentiation from rapidly growing tachyzoites to slowly growing bradyzoites during its life cycle in the intermediate host, and conversion can be induced in vitro by stress. Representative strains of the three clonal lineages showed equal capacity to differentiate into bradyzoites in vitro, as evidenced by induction of bradyzoite antigen 1, staining with Dolichos biflorus lectin (DBL), pepsin resistance, and oral infectivity in mice. We also examined several recently described exotic strains of T. gondii, which are genetically diverse and have a different ancestry from the clonal lineages. The exotic strain COUG was essentially like the clonal lineages and showed a high capacity to induce bradyzoites in vitro and in vivo, consistent with its ability to be efficiently transmitted by the oral route. In contrast, exotic strains MAS and FOU, which are defective in oral transmission, showed a decreased potential to develop into bradyzoites in vitro. This defect was evident from reduced staining with DBL and the cyst antigen CST1, failure to down-regulate tachyzoite antigens, such as tachyzoite surface antigens 1 and 2A, and decreased resistance to pepsin treatment. Despite normal in vitro differentiation, the exotic strains CAST and GPHT also showed decreased oral transmission, due to formation of smaller cysts and a lower tissue burden during chronic infection, traits also shared by MAS and FOU. Collectively, these findings reveal that the limited oral transmission in some strains of T. gondii is due to inefficient differentiation to the bradyzoite form, leading to defects in the formation of tissue cysts.
机译：弓形虫在中间宿主的生命周期中经历了从快速生长的速殖子到缓慢生长的缓殖子的分化，并且在体外可以通过胁迫诱导转化。这三个克隆谱系的代表性菌株在体外分化为缓殖子的能力均相同，这可通过诱导缓殖子抗原1来证明，即用 Dolichos biflorus 凝集素（DBL）染色，胃蛋白酶抗性和小鼠的口腔感染性。我们还检查了几种最近描述的外来菌株 T。刚地，其遗传多样性和克隆世系具有不同的血统。外来菌株COUG本质上类似于克隆谱系，并显示出在体外和体内诱导缓殖子的高能力，与其通过口服途径有效传播的能力一致。相比之下，口服传播缺陷的外来菌株MAS和FOU显示出在体外发展为缓殖子的潜力降低。从减少DBL和囊肿抗原CST1的染色，未能下调速殖子抗原（例如速殖子表面抗原1和2A）以及降低对胃蛋白酶治疗的抵抗力可以明显看出这一缺陷。尽管体外分化正常，外来菌株CAST和GPHT也显示出口腔传播减少，这是由于在慢性感染过程中形成了较小的囊肿和较低的组织负担，MAS和FOU也共有这些特征。总的来说，这些发现表明在某些 T菌株中口服传播受到限制。刚地是由于不能有效地分化为缓殖子形式，导致组织囊肿形成方面的缺陷。

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