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首页> 外文期刊>Infection and immunity >Intervacuolar Transport and Unique Topology of GRA14, a Novel Dense Granule Protein in Toxoplasma gondii
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Intervacuolar Transport and Unique Topology of GRA14, a Novel Dense Granule Protein in Toxoplasma gondii

机译：刚体弓形虫中一种新型致密颗粒蛋白GRA14的空隙间运输和独特拓扑结构

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摘要

Toxoplasma gondii is an obligate intracellular parasite that resides in the cytoplasm of its host in a unique membrane-bound vacuole known as the parasitophorous vacuole (PV). The membrane surrounding the parasite is remodeled by the dense granules, secretory organelles that release an array of proteins into the vacuole and to the PV membrane (PVM). Only a small portion of the protein constituents of the dense granules have been identified, and little is known regarding their roles in infection or how they are trafficked within the infected host cell. In this report, we identify a novel secreted dense granule protein, GRA14, and show that it is targeted to membranous structures within the vacuole known as the intravacuolar network and to the vacuolar membrane surrounding the parasite. We disrupted GRA14 and exploited the knockout strain to show that GRA14 can be transferred between vacuoles in a coinfection experiment with wild-type parasites. We also show that GRA14 has an unexpected topology in the PVM with its C terminus facing the host cytoplasm and its N terminus facing the vacuolar lumen. These findings have important implications both for the trafficking of GRA proteins to their ultimate destinations and for expectations of functional domains of GRA proteins at the host-parasite interface.
机译：弓形虫是专性的细胞内寄生虫，位于其宿主细胞质中的独特膜结合液泡中，称为寄生虫液泡（PV）。寄生虫周围的膜被致密的颗粒，分泌的细胞器重塑，这些细胞器将一系列蛋白质释放到液泡和PV膜（PVM）中。仅鉴定了致密颗粒中蛋白质成分的一小部分，关于它们在感染中的作用或如何在受感染的宿主细胞中运输等方面知之甚少。在此报告中，我们鉴定了一种新型的分泌性致密颗粒蛋白GRA14，并表明它靶向液泡内的膜结构（称为真空内网络）和寄生虫周围的液泡膜。我们破坏了 GRA14 ，并利用敲除菌株证明了在野生型寄生虫共同感染实验中，GRA14可以在液泡之间转移。我们还显示，GRA14在PVM中具有意外的拓扑结构，其C端朝向宿主细胞质，其N端朝向液泡腔。这些发现对于将GRA蛋白运输到其最终目的地以及对GRA蛋白在宿主-寄生虫界面处的功能域的预期均具有重要意义。

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