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首页> 外文期刊>Infection and immunity >Development of Two Animal Models To Study the Function of Vibrio parahaemolyticus Type III Secretion Systems
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Development of Two Animal Models To Study the Function of Vibrio parahaemolyticus Type III Secretion Systems

机译：两种动物模型的开发，以研究副溶血性弧菌III型分泌系统的功能

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Vibrio parahaemolyticus is an emerging food- and waterborne pathogen that encodes two type III secretion systems (T3SSs). Previous studies have linked type III secretion system 1 (T3SS1) to cytotoxicity and T3SS2 to intestinal fluid accumulation, but animal challenge models needed to study these phenomena are limited. In this study we evaluated the roles of the T3SSs during infection using two novel animal models: a model in which piglets were inoculated orogastrically and a model in which mice were inoculated in their lungs (intrapulmonarily). The bacterial strains employed in this study had equivalent growth rates and beta-hemolytic activity based on in vitro assays. Inoculation of 48-h-old conventional piglets with 1011 CFU of the wild-type strain (NY-4) or T3SS1 deletion mutant strains resulted in acute, self-limiting diarrhea, whereas inoculation with a T3SS2 deletion mutant strain failed to produce any clinical symptoms. Intrapulmonary inoculation of C57BL/6 mice with the wild-type strain and T3SS2 deletion mutant strains (5 × 105 CFU) induced mortality or a moribund state within 12 h (80 to 100% mortality), whereas inoculation with a T3SS1 deletion mutant or a T3SS1 T3SS2 double deletion mutant produced no mortality. Bacteria were recovered from multiple organs regardless of the strain used in the mouse model, indicating that the mice were capable of clearing the lung infection in the absence of a functional T3SS1. Because all strains had a similar beta-hemolysin phenotype, we surmise that thermostable direct hemolysin (TDH) plays a limited role in these models. The two models introduced herein produce robust results and provide a means to determine how different T3SS1 and T3SS2 effector proteins contribute to pathogenesis of V. parahaemolyticus infection.
机译：副溶血性弧菌是一种新兴的食源性和水源性病原体，编码两个III型分泌系统（T3SS）。先前的研究已将III型分泌系统1（T3SS1）与细胞毒性联系在一起，将T3SS2与肠液积累联系在一起，但是研究这些现象所需的动物攻击模型受到限制。在这项研究中，我们使用两种新颖的动物模型评估了T3SS在感染过程中的作用：一种是将仔猪经口胃部接种的模型，另一种是将小鼠经肺部（肺内）接种的模型。根据体外试验，本研究中使用的细菌菌株具有相同的生长速率和β-溶血活性。用1011 CFU野生型菌株（NY-4）或T3SS1缺失突变株接种48小时的常规仔猪会导致急性，自限性腹泻，而使用T3SS2缺失突变株接种则无法产生任何临床症状症状。用野生型和T3SS2缺失突变株（5×105 CFU）对C57BL / 6小鼠进行肺内接种可在12 h内导致死亡率或垂死状态（80％至100％死亡率），而用T3SS1缺失突变株或T3SS1 T3SS2双重缺失突变体未产生死亡率。无论在小鼠模型中使用哪种菌株，均可从多个器官中回收细菌，这表明在没有功能性T3SS1的情况下，小鼠能够清除肺部感染。由于所有菌株均具有相似的β-溶血素表型，因此我们推测热稳定的直接溶血素（TDH）在这些模型中的作用有限。本文介绍的两个模型产生了有力的结果，并提供了一种手段来确定不同的T3SS1和T3SS2效应蛋白如何促进副溶血性弧菌感染的发病机理。

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