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首页> 外文期刊>Emerging Infectious Diseases >Adventitious Viral Genomes in Vaccines but Not in Vaccinees
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Adventitious Viral Genomes in Vaccines but Not in Vaccinees

机译：疫苗中的不定病毒基因组，而疫苗中不存在

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It is a pleasant change to write about viruses that might have emerged but haven’t. In this issue, Hussain and colleagues at the Centers for Disease Control and Prevention, the U.S. Department of Agriculture, and Harvard University report that recipients of measles, mumps, and rubella (MMR) vaccine show no evidence of infection by endogenous avian retroviruses, even though viral genomes and reverse transcriptase activity have been detected in vaccine preparations. Influenza, yellow fever, and MMR vaccines are usually prepared in embryonated eggs or in cultures of chick embryo fibroblasts (CEF). These fibroblasts contain and express endogenous retroviral genomes (1). In any vaccine, adventitious agents in the cellular substrate may contaminate the biological product. In live, attenuated vaccines, such contaminants are not inactivated, and endogenous retroviruses by their very nature as Mendelian transmitted genomes are particularly difficult to eliminate. Endogenous retrovirus release also has ramifications for pharmaceutical proteins made in cell substrates (e.g., monoclonal antibodies) and for xenotransplantation (2,3).
机译：撰写可能已经出现但尚未出现的病毒，这是一个令人愉快的变化。在此问题中，美国农业部疾病控制与预防中心，哈佛大学的Hussain及其同事报告说，麻疹，腮腺炎和风疹（MMR）疫苗的接受者均未显示出被内源性禽逆转录病毒感染的证据。尽管在疫苗制剂中已检测到病毒基因组和逆转录酶活性。流感，黄热病和MMR疫苗通常在有胚卵或雏鸡成纤维细胞（CEF）的培养物中制备。这些成纤维细胞含有并表达内源性逆转录病毒基因组（1）。在任何疫苗中，细胞底物中的不定因子都可能污染生物制品。在减毒活疫苗中，这类污染物不会失活，而内源性逆转录病毒由于其孟德尔传播的基因组的性质而特别难以消除。内源性逆转录病毒的释放也对细胞底物中产生的药物蛋白（例如单克隆抗体）和异种移植（2,3）产生了影响。

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