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Norovirus GII.4 Strains and Outbreaks, Australia

机译:澳大利亚诺如病毒GII.4菌株和暴发

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To the Editor: Viral gastroen-teritis affects millions of people of all ages worldwide, and some seasonality has been observed in outbreak occur-rences (1–3). During early 2006 in New South Wales (NSW), a marked increase in outbreaks of gastroenteritis occurred (Figure): 155 outbreaks were reported during the fi rst 5 months com-pared with 88 outbreaks during 2005. During the fi rst 5 months of 2006, the Enteric Pathogens Laboratory–South Eastern Area Laboratory Services (EPL-SEALS) recorded an increase in norovirus in stool samples, detected by using an enzyme immunoassay (IDEIA Norovirus, DakoCytomation, Cambridgeshire, UK). From January through May 2006, the proportion of samples positive for norovirus in-creased successively: 0/47 (0%), 1/73 (1.4%), 5/169 (3.0%), 8/106 (7.5%), and 93/413 (22.5%). This trend fol-lowed the increasing reports of out-breaks made to the NSW Department of Health (Figure). In May, the rate of norovirus detection (22.5%) was signifi cantly greater than that of any other pathogen (Fisher exact test, p<0.0001), including intestinal para-sites, foodborne bacterial pathogens (Salmonella, Shigella, and Camplylo-bacter), and enteric viruses (rotavirus, adenovirus, and astrovirus).
机译:致编辑:病毒性胃肠炎影响着全世界数以百万计的各个年龄段的人,而且在暴发发生时也观察到某些季节性因素(1-3)。在2006年初的新南威尔士州(NSW),胃肠炎的爆发显着增加(图):在前5个月内报告了155例爆发,而在2005年则有88例爆发。2006年的前5个月,肠道病原体实验室-东南地区实验室服务(EPL-SEALS)记录了粪便中诺如病毒的增加,这是通过使用酶免疫法(IDEIA诺如病毒,DakoCytomation,英国剑桥郡)检测到的。从2006年1月到2006年5月,诺如病毒阳性样本的比例依次增加:0/47(0%),1/73(1.4%),5/169(3.0%),8/106(7.5%),和93/413(22.5%)。这一趋势紧随新南威尔士州卫生部的暴发疫情报道不断增加(图)。 5月份,诺如病毒的检出率(22.5%)大大高于任何其他病原体(Fisher精确检验,p <0.0001),包括肠道寄生虫,食源性细菌病原体(沙门氏菌,志贺氏菌和弯曲杆菌) )和肠道病毒(轮状病毒,腺病毒和星状病毒)。

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