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首页> 外文期刊>Genetics: A Periodical Record of Investigations Bearing on Heredity and Variation >Mutations in the Saccharomyces cerevisiae Type 2A Protein Phosphatase Catalytic Subunit Reveal Roles in Cell Wall Integrity, Actin Cytoskeleton Organization and Mitosis
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Mutations in the Saccharomyces cerevisiae Type 2A Protein Phosphatase Catalytic Subunit Reveal Roles in Cell Wall Integrity, Actin Cytoskeleton Organization and Mitosis

机译：酿酒酵母2A型蛋白磷酸酶催化亚基中的突变揭示细胞壁完整性，肌动蛋白细胞骨架和有丝分裂中的作用。

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摘要

Temperature-sensitive mutations were generated in the Saccharomyces cerevisiae PPH22 gene that, together with its homologue PPH21, encode the catalytic subunit of type 2A protein phosphatase (PP2A). At the restrictive temperature (37°), cells dependent solely on pph22ts alleles for PP2A function displayed a rapid arrest of proliferation. Ts– pph22 mutant cells underwent lysis at 37°, showing an accompanying viability loss that was suppressed by inclusion of 1 m sorbitol in the growth medium. Ts– pph22 mutant cells also displayed defects in bud morphogenesis and polarization of the cortical actin cytoskeleton at 37°. PP2A is therefore required for maintenance of cell integrity and polarized growth. On transfer from 24° to 37°, Ts– pph22 mutant cells accumulated a 2N DNA content indicating a cell cycle block before completion of mitosis. However, during prolonged incubation at 37°, many Ts– pph22 mutant cells progressed through an aberrant nuclear division and accumulated multiple nuclei. Ts– pph22 mutant cells also accumulated aberrant microtubule structures at 37°, while under semi-permissive conditions they were sensitive to the microtubule-destabilizing agent benomyl, suggesting that PP2A is required for normal microtubule function. Remarkably, the multiple defects of Ts– pph22 mutant cells were suppressed by a viable allele ( SSD1-v1 ) of the polymorphic SSD1 gene.
机译：在啤酒酵母PPH22基因中产生了温度敏感性突变，该基因与其同源PPH21一起编码2A型蛋白磷酸酶（PP2A）的催化亚基。在极限温度（37°）下，仅依赖于pph22ts等位基因的PP2A功能细胞会迅速停止增殖。 Ts– pph22突变细胞在37°裂解，显示伴随的活力丧失，而生长培养基中加入1 m山梨醇可抑制这种丧失。 Ts– pph22突变细胞在37°时的芽形态发生和皮质肌动蛋白细胞骨架极化方面也表现出缺陷。因此，PP2A是维持细胞完整性和极化生长所必需的。从24°转移到37°时，Ts– pph22突变细胞积累2N DNA含量，表明在有丝分裂完成之前细胞周期受阻。然而，在37°的长时间孵育过程中，许多Ts– pph22突变细胞通过异常的核分裂而进展，并积累了多个核。 Ts– pph22突变细胞还在37°积累了异常的微管结构，而在半开放条件下，它们对微管稳定剂苯菌灵敏感，这表明正常微管功能需要PP2A。值得注意的是，Ts–pph22突变细胞的多种缺陷被多态性SSD1基因的可行等位基因（SSD1-v1）抑制。

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