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首页> 外文期刊>Frontiers in Psychology >Longitudinal Examination of Everyday Executive Functioning in Children With ASD: Relations With Social, Emotional, and Behavioral Functioning Over Time
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Longitudinal Examination of Everyday Executive Functioning in Children With ASD: Relations With Social, Emotional, and Behavioral Functioning Over Time

机译：ASD儿童日常执行功能的纵向检查：随着时间的推移与社交，情感和行为功能的关系

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Executive functioning (EF) deficits are well-documented in Autism Spectrum Disorder (ASD), yet little is known about the longitudinal trajectory of “everyday” EF and links to social, emotional and behavioral outcomes in ASD. This study examined the profile of everyday EF utilizing parent-reported measures over 2 years, and explored whether prior estimates of EF were related to later co-morbid psychopathology and social functioning in 39 children with ASD and 34 typically developing (TD) children (ages 7–14 years). According to parent reports, children with ASD had impaired scores of EF in all domains at both time points, and showed no significant improvement across 2 years, compared to controls. Regression analyses showed that prior estimates of behavior regulation difficulties at time 1 uniquely predicted later emotional (i.e., symptoms of anxiety/depression) and behavioral (i.e., oppositionality/aggressiveness) problems in children with ASD 2 years later. Furthermore, an improvement of metacognitive skills predicted a reduction of social difficulties over 2 years in ASD. These results imply that EF may be a potential target of intervention for preventing and reducing co-morbid psychopathology and promoting social competence in youth with ASD. Furthermore, the findings that EF related to behavior is more critical for later emotional and behavioral functioning, whereas EF related to cognition is more critical for social functioning, indicates that it may be beneficial to tailor treatment. Future studies investigating the effectiveness of EF-based interventions in improving the cognitive, psychological and social outcomes in ASD are of high priority.
机译：自闭症谱系障碍（ASD）中充分记录了执行功能（EF）缺陷，但对“日常” EF的纵向轨迹以及与ASD中的社会，情感和行为结果的联系知之甚少。这项研究使用2年以上父母报告的措施检查了每日EF的概况，并探讨了39例ASD儿童和34例典型发育（TD）儿童（年龄）的先前EF估计是否与后来的合并病态心理病理和社会功能有关7-14年）。根据父母的报告，患有ASD的儿童在两个时间点的所有方面的EF分数均受损，并且与对照组相比，在2年内未显示出明显改善。回归分析表明，先前对时间1的行为调节困难的估计唯一地预测了2年后ASD儿童的以后的情绪（即焦虑/抑郁症状）和行为（即对立/攻击性）问题。此外，元认知能力的提高预示了自闭症患者2年内社会问题的减少。这些结果表明，EF可能是预防和减少合并症的心理病理学并提高ASD青年社交能力的潜在干预目标。此外，发现与行为有关的EF对于以后的情绪和行为功能更为关键，而与认知有关的EF对社交功能更为关键，这表明定制治疗可能有益。未来研究以EF为基础的干预措施对改善ASD的认知，心理和社会结果的有效性的研究是高度优先的。

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