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首页> 外文期刊>Molecular and Cellular Biology >Mutations in XRS2 and RAD50 delay but do not prevent mating-type switching in Saccharomyces cerevisiae.
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Mutations in XRS2 and RAD50 delay but do not prevent mating-type switching in Saccharomyces cerevisiae.

机译：XRS2和RAD50的突变会延迟，但不能阻止酿酒酵母中的交配型转换。

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In Saccharomyces cerevisiae, a large number of genes in the RAD52 epistasis group has been implicated in the repair of chromosomal double-strand breaks and in both mitotic and meiotic homologous recombination. While most of these genes are essential for yeast mating-type (MAT) gene switching, neither RAD50 nor XRS2 is required to complete this specialized mitotic gene conversion process. Using a galactose-inducible HO endonuclease gene to initiate MAT switching, we have examined the effect of null mutations of RAD50 and of XRS2 on intermediate steps of this recombination event. Both rad50 and xrs2 mutants exhibit a marked delay in the completion of switching. Both mutations reduce the extent of 5'-to-3' degradation from the end of the HO-created double-strand break. The steps of initial strand invasion and new DNA synthesis are delayed by approximately 30 min in mutant cells. However, later events are still further delayed, suggesting that XRS2 and RAD50 affect more than one step in the process. In the rad50 xrs2 double mutant, the completion of MAT switching is delayed more than in either single mutant, without reducing the overall efficiency of the process. The XRS2 gene encodes an 854-amino-acid protein with no obvious similarity to the Rad50 protein or to any other protein in the database. Overexpression of RAD50 does not complement the defects in xrs2 or vice versa.
机译：在酿酒酵母中，RAD52上位基因组中的大量基因与染色体双链断裂的修复以及有丝分裂和减数分裂同源重组有关。尽管这些基因中的大多数对于酵母交配型（MAT）基因转换都是必不可少的，但不需要RAD50或XRS2即可完成这种专门的有丝分裂基因转换过程。使用半乳糖诱导的HO内切核酸酶基因启动MAT转换，我们已经检查了RAD50和XRS2无效突变对这种重组事件的中间步骤的影响。 rad50和xrs2突变体在切换完成中均显示出明显的延迟。从HO产生的双链断裂的末端开始，这两种突变都降低了5'至3'降解的程度。在突变细胞中，初始链入侵和新DNA合成的步骤延迟了大约30分钟。但是，以后的事件仍然进一步延迟，这表明XRS2和RAD50影响该过程的多个步骤。在rad50 xrs2双突变体中，MAT转换的完成比任何一个单突变体都延迟得更多，而不会降低该过程的整体效率。 XRS2基因编码一个854个氨基酸的蛋白质，与Rad50蛋白质或数据库中的任何其他蛋白质没有明显的相似性。 RAD50的过表达不能弥补xrs2中的缺陷，反之亦然。

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