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Rotiferan Hox genes give new insights into the evolution of metazoan bodyplans

机译:轮虫Hox基因为后生动物的身体计划进化提供了新见识

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The phylum Rotifera consists of minuscule, nonsegmented animals with a unique body plan and an unresolved phylogenetic position. The presence of pharyngeal articulated jaws supports an inclusion in Gnathifera nested in the Spiralia. Comparison of Hox genes, involved in animal body plan patterning, can be used to infer phylogenetic relationships. Here, we report the expression of five Hox genes during embryogenesis of the rotifer Brachionus manjavacas and show how these genes define different functional components of the nervous system and not the usual bilaterian staggered expression along the anteroposterior axis. Sequence analysis revealed that the lox5-parapeptide, a key signature in lophotrochozoan and platyhelminthean Hox6/lox5 genes, is absent and replaced by different signatures in Rotifera and Chaetognatha, and that the MedPost gene, until now unique to Chaetognatha, is also present in rotifers. Collectively, our results support an inclusion of chaetognaths in gnathiferans and Gnathifera as sister group to the remaining spiralians.
机译:轮虫门由微小的,无节段的动物组成,具有独特的身体计划和未解决的系统发生位置。咽部铰接式颌骨的存在支持将其包含在嵌套在Spiralia中的Gnathifera中。涉及动物身体计划模式的Hox基因的比较可用于推断系统发育关系。在这里,我们报告轮虫Brachionus manjavacas的胚胎发生过程中五个Hox基因的表达,并显示这些基因如何定义神经系统的不同功能组件,而不是沿前后轴的通常的双语交错排列。序列分析表明,lopho5-chothopzozoan和platyhelminthean Hox6 / lox5基因的关键特征lox5-对肽不存在,并被轮虫和Chaetognatha中的不同特征所取代,而且到目前为止,轮虫中还存在MedPost基因,这是Chaetognatha特有的。总的来说,我们的研究结果支持将棘足类动物包括在长足纲动物和长足纲动物中,作为其余螺旋虫的姐妹群。

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