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首页> 外文期刊>RSC Advances >One-step trapping of droplets and surface functionalization of sensors using gold-patterned structures for multiplexing in biochips
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One-step trapping of droplets and surface functionalization of sensors using gold-patterned structures for multiplexing in biochips

机译：使用金图案结构在生物芯片中多路复用，一步一步捕获液滴并实现传感器的表面功能化

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Multiplexing in Point-of-Care (POC) diagnostics is crucial for a comprehensive readout of multifactorial diseases such as cancer or fast-acting complications such as heart attacks. In multiplexed POC (MPOC) testing, groups of sensors are functionalized with different biological probes, enabling the simultaneous capture and detection of various analytes. Current literature demonstrates MPOC systems using microfluidics, capable of compartmentalizing only a few sensing regions. In contrast, miniaturized robotic spotting (microspotting) theoretically enables the independent functionalization of every sensor in a microarray. However, its use is still challenging in biosensors which require the combination of different materials at the surface because microspotted droplets tend to move to areas of higher surface energy, thus affecting the spotting precision. To counteract this phenomenon, we have combined shapes of gold-patterned films for the functionalization of magnetoresistive (MR) sensors and simultaneous trapping of droplets over the sensing regions, previously passivated with silicon nitride (Si3N4). Due to the higher hydrophobicity of gold when compared to Si3N4, the droplets remain immobilized inside the gold frames and functionalization of the sensors is accurately achieved. With this strategy, we demonstrate the microspotting of different DNA probes and antibodies and the specific hybridization and binding of complementary DNA targets and proteins, attached to magnetic beads. This combined trapping and functionalization system shows promise in the implementation of MR-based systems in multiplexing applications. This work can also be of interest to the wider community working in the development of other surface-based assays, also developed through microfabrication techniques, as the same trapping methodology is conceivable for adaption to other biochip formats.
机译：现场护理（POC）诊断中的多路复用对于全面读取多种因素疾病（例如癌症）或速效并发症（例如心脏病发作）至关重要。在多重POC（MPOC）测试中，使用不同的生物探针对传感器组进行功能化，从而可以同时捕获和检测各种分析物。当前文献展示了使用微流体的MPOC系统，该系统仅能分隔几个感应区域。相反，理论上小型化的机械手点样（微点样）可实现微阵列中每个传感器的独立功能。然而，由于需要微点滴的液滴往往会移动到表面能较高的区域，从而影响点样的精度，因此在生物传感器中仍然需要挑战其表面的不同材料的结合。为了消除这种现象，我们结合了金图案膜的形状，以实现磁阻（MR）传感器的功能化，并同时将液滴捕获在传感区域上，这些区域先前已被氮化硅（Si 3 N 4 ）。与Si 3 N 4 相比，金具有更高的疏水性，因此液滴仍固定在金内部准确地实现了传感器的框架和功能。通过这种策略，我们证明了不同DNA探针和抗体的微斑点以及与磁性珠子相连的互补DNA靶标和蛋白质的特异性杂交和结合。这种组合的捕获和功能化系统在多路复用应用中实现基于MR的系统方面显示出了希望。这项工作也可能引起更广泛的社区在开发其他基于表面的测定（也通过微细加工技术）进行开发的过程中产生兴趣，因为可以考虑采用相同的捕获方法来适应其他生物芯片形式。

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