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Preparation of silica coatings with continuously adjustable refractive indices and wettability properties via sol–gel method

机译：通过溶胶-凝胶法制备具有连续可调的折射率和润湿性的二氧化硅涂层

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摘要

Silica coatings with continuously adjustable refractive indices and wettability properties were prepared through a sol–gel base-catalyzed process. Adjustment of the molar ratio of water (H _(2) O) to tetraethylorthosilicate (TEOS) was utilized to change the hydrolysis degree of the precursors, and hence change the morphology of the silica particles. With the increase in the H _(2) O/TEOS molar ratio, the morphology of the silica particles changed from a linear net-work structure to a bead-like structure and then to a granular particle structure. A particle growth mechanism was proposed and verified by characterization. As the H _(2) O/TEOS molar ratio increased from 0.3 to 21.0, the refractive indices of the silica coatings increased from 1.132 to 1.328. Meanwhile, a varied H _(2) O/TEOS molar ratio also modulated the surface wettability of the silica coatings. The static water angle of the silica coatings decreased from 145° to 6° by increasing the H _(2) O/TEOS molar ratio from 0.3 to 21.0. Different hydrophilic and hydrophobic coatings could be obtained by simply controlling the H _(2) O/TEOS molar ratio. Silica coatings with different refractive indices and hydrophobic (or hydrophilic) properties were obtained at different H _(2) O/TEOS molar ratios.
机译：具有连续可调的折射率和润湿性的二氧化硅涂层是通过溶胶-凝胶碱催化工艺制备的。通过调节水（H_（2）O）与原硅酸四乙酯（TEOS）的摩尔比来改变前体的水解度，从而改变二氧化硅颗粒的形态。随着H_（2）O / TEOS摩尔比的增加，二氧化硅颗粒的形态从线性网络结构变为珠状结构，然后变为粒状颗粒结构。提出了一种颗粒生长机理，并通过表征进行了验证。随着H_（2）O / TEOS摩尔比从0.3增加到21.0，二氧化硅涂层的折射率从1.132增加到1.328。同时，变化的H_（2）O / TEOS摩尔比也调节了二氧化硅涂层的表面润湿性。通过将H_（2）O / TEOS摩尔比从0.3增加到21.0，二氧化硅涂层的静态水角从145°减小到6°。只需控制H_（2）O / TEOS摩尔比，即可获得不同的亲水性和疏水性涂层。在不同的H_（2）O / TEOS摩尔比下获得具有不同的折射率和疏水性（或亲水性）特性的二氧化硅涂层。

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