The influence of the metameric pattern in the mesoderm on migration of cranial neural crest cells in the chick embryo☆

Cheryl B. Anderson; Stephen Meier

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The influence of the metameric pattern in the mesoderm on migration of cranial neural crest cells in the chick embryo☆

机译：中胚层中的同分异构模式对鸡胚颅神经rest细胞迁移的影响☆

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Inrecentstudiesofchickembryos,thecranialparaxialmesoblastwasfoundtobepatternedintosegmentalunitstermedsomitomeres.Anteriortothefirstsegmentalcleft,sevencontiguoussegmentsarealigned,withsomitomericinterfacesforminggroovesatrightanglestothemidline.Inthisstudy,themorphologicalrelationshipbetweenthemigratorypathwaysofcranialneuralcrestcellsandpatternedprimarymesenchymewasanalyzedwiththescanningelectronmicroscope,utilizingstereoimaging.Inaddition,thedevelopmentofneuromeresintheadjacentneuraltubewasmonitored.Itwasfoundthatcranialneuralcrestfirstappearsalongthedorsalmidlineasaridgeofcellswhichloosensfromthewalloftheneuraltubeandmigrateslaterallyasdiscretepopulations.Themesencephaliccrestappearsfirst,immediatelyfollowingneuraltubefusionatthatlevel,andmigratesoverthedorsalsurfaceoftheadjacentthirdsomitomereandintothegroovesformedbyitsjuncturewiththesecondandfourthsomitomeres.Later,theadditionofprosencephalicandrostralrhombencephaliccrestextendsthemesencephalicpopulationtoformashelfofcrestwhichspreadsoverthedorsalsurfaceofthefirstfoursomitomeres.Componentcellsofthismostcranialcrestshelfbecomeorientedandmimicthemetamericpatternofthesubjacentsomitomeres.Crestcellsadjacenttothefifthsomitomeresappearalongthemidline,butdonotmigrate,creatingagapanteriortotheoticcrest.Bystage9,anarrowfinger-likesegmentoftheoticcrestmigratesfromaspecificneuromereintothegroovedinterfacebetweenthefifthandsixthsomitomeres,delimitingtherostralborderoftheoticplacodeintheectodermabove.Bytheendofstage9,crestcellsdelimitingthecaudalborderoftheplacodehavemigratedalongtheinterfaceoftheseventhandeighthsomitomeres.Thecrestcellsadjacenttothesixthandseventhsomitomeres,betweentherostralandcaudaloticpopulations,appearbutdonotmigrate,remainingcondensedalongthemidline.Thus,oticcrestcellsformaringwhichcircumscribestheinvaginatingoticplacode.Thisstudysuggeststhattheprecisedistributionofcranialneuralcrestcellsmayresultfromtheirintroductionatspecifictimes,asspecificpopulationsfromspecificbrainregions(neuromeres),ontoapatternedmesodermallayer.

机译：Inrecentstudiesofchickembryos，thecranialparaxialmesoblastwasfoundtobepatternedintosegmentalunitstermedsomitomeres.Anteriortothefirstsegmentalcleft，sevencontiguoussegmentsarealigned，withsomitomericinterfacesforminggroovesatrightanglestothemidline.Inthisstudy，themorphologicalrelationshipbetweenthemigratorypathwaysofcranialneuralcrestcellsandpatternedprimarymesenchymewasanalyzedwiththescanningelectronmicroscope，utilizingstereoimaging.Inaddition，thedevelopmentofneuromeresintheadjacentneuraltubewasmonitored.Itwasfoundthatcranialneuralcrestfirstappearsalongthedorsalmidlineasaridgeofcellswhichloosensfromthewalloftheneuraltubeandmigrateslaterallyasdiscretepopulations.Themesencephaliccrestappearsfirst，immediatelyfollowingneuraltubefusionatthatlevel，andmigratesoverthedorsalsurfaceoftheadjacentthirdsomitomereandintothegroovesformedbyitsjuncturewiththesecondandfourthsomitomeres.Later，theadditionofprosencephalicandrostralrhombencephaliccrestextendsthemesencephalicpopulationtoformashelfofcrestwhichs preadsoverthedorsalsurfaceofthefirstfoursomitomeres.Componentcellsofthismostcranialcrestshelfbecomeorientedandmimicthemetamericpatternofthesubjacentsomitomeres.Crestcellsadjacenttothefifthsomitomeresappearalongthemidline，butdonotmigrate，creatingagapanteriortotheoticcrest.Bystage9，anarrowfinger-likesegmentoftheoticcrestmigratesfromaspecificneuromereintothegroovedinterfacebetweenthefifthandsixthsomitomeres，delimitingtherostralborderoftheoticplacodeintheectodermabove.Bytheendofstage9，crestcellsdelimitingthecaudalborderoftheplacodehavemigratedalongtheinterfaceoftheseventhandeighthsomitomeres.Thecrestcellsadjacenttothesixthandseventhsomitomeres，betweentherostralandcaudaloticpopulations，appearbutdonotmigrate，remainingcondensedalongthemidline.Thus，oticcrestcellsformaringwhichcircumscribestheinvaginatingoticplacode.Thisstudysuggeststhattheprecisedistributionofcranialneuralcrestcellsmayresultfromtheirintroductionatspecifictimes，asspecificpopulationsfromspecificbrainregions（神经原），ontoapatt ernedmeso真皮层。

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《Developmental biology》 |1981年第2期|共页
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Cheryl B. Anderson; Stephen Meier;
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1. Plasticity in mouse neural crest cells reveals a new patterning role for cranial mesoderm. [J] . Trainor P, Krumlauf R Nature cell biology . 2000,第2期

机译：小鼠神经c细胞的可塑性揭示了颅中皮的新的模式作用。
2. Cell division in the ciliary ganglion of quail embryos in situ and after back-transplantation into the neural crest migration pathways of chick embryos☆ [J] . Elisabeth Dupin Developmental biology . 1984,第2期

机译：鹌鹑胚胎睫状神经节中原位和向后移植到雏鸡神经rest迁移途径中的细胞分裂☆
3. Chick cranial neural crest cells use progressive polarity refinement, not contact inhibition of locomotion, to guide their migration [J] . Genuth Miriam A., Allen Christopher D. C., Mikawa Takashi, Developmental biology . 2018,第S1期

机译：小鸡颅神经嵴细胞使用渐进性极性细化，不接触抑制运动，引导他们的迁移
4. Regional differences in neural crest and paraxial mesoderm-derived in vivo calvarial bone healing exist and persist with age [C] . Panetta NJ, Gupta DM, Quarto N, International Society of Craniofacial Surgery International Congress . 2009

机译：神经嵴和瘫痪中胚层的区域差异存在于体内颅骨愈合中，并持续到年龄
5. Chick Cranial Neural Crest Cell Migration [D] . Genuth, Miriam. 2017

机译：小鸡颅神经C细胞迁移
6. P8 Contributions of neural crest and paraxial mesoderm to craniofacial morphogenesis in the chick embryo [O] . DJR Evans, IG Thomas, S Thomas, 2002

机译：P8神经波峰和近轴中胚层对雏鸡颅面形态发生的贡献
7. The Timing of Appearance and Pathway of Migration of Cranial Neural Crest-derived Precursors of Melanocytes in Chick Embryos. (neural crest cells/melanocyte/migration/chick embryo) [O] . Keiko Takiguchi-Hayashi, Kunio Kitamura 1993

机译：小鸡胚胎颅神经嵴衍生前体迁移的外观和途径的时序。（神经嵴细胞/黑色细胞/迁移/小鸡胚胎）

The influence of the metameric pattern in the mesoderm on migration of cranial neural crest cells in the chick embryo☆

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