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首页> 外文期刊>Journal of Clinical Microbiology >Snapshot of Moving and Expanding Clones of Mycobacterium tuberculosis and Their Global Distribution Assessed by Spoligotyping in an International Study
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Snapshot of Moving and Expanding Clones of Mycobacterium tuberculosis and Their Global Distribution Assessed by Spoligotyping in an International Study

机译：一项国际研究通过分型方法评估的结核分枝杆菌的移动和扩展克隆及其全球分布的快照

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The present update on the global distribution of Mycobacterium tuberculosis complex spoligotypes provides both the octal and binary descriptions of the spoligotypes for M. tuberculosis complex, including Mycobacterium bovis, from >90 countries (13,008 patterns grouped into 813 shared types containing 11,708 isolates and 1,300 orphan patterns). A number of potential indices were developed to summarize the information on the biogeographical specificity of a given shared type, as well as its geographical spreading (matching code and spreading index, respectively). To facilitate the analysis of hundreds of spoligotypes each made up of a binary succession of 43 bits of information, a number of major and minor visual rules were also defined. A total of six major rules (A to F) with the precise description of the extra missing spacers (minor rules) were used to define 36 major clades (or families) of M. tuberculosis. Some major clades identified were the East African-Indian (EAI) clade, the Beijing clade, the Haarlem clade, the Latin American and Mediterranean (LAM) clade, the Central Asian (CAS) clade, a European clade of IS6110 low banders (X; highly prevalent in the United States and United Kingdom), and a widespread yet poorly defined clade (T). When the visual rules defined above were used for an automated labeling of the 813 shared types to define nine superfamilies of strains (Mycobacterium africanum, Beijing, M. bovis, EAI, CAS, T, Haarlem, X, and LAM), 96.9% of the shared types received a label, showing the potential for automated labeling of M. tuberculosis families in well-defined phylogeographical families. Intercontinental matches of shared types among eight continents and subcontinents (Africa, North America, Central America, South America, Europe, the Middle East and Central Asia, and the Far East) are analyzed and discussed.
机译：结核分枝杆菌复杂的spoligotypes的全球分布的当前更新提供了 M的spoligotypes的八进制和二进制描述。来自90多个国家/地区的包括结核分枝杆菌在内的结核病复合体（13,008个模式分为813个共享类型，包含11,708个分离株和1,300个孤儿模式）。开发了许多潜在的索引来总结有关给定共享类型的生物地理特异性及其地理分布的信息（分别为匹配代码和分布索引）。为了便于分析数百个由43位信息的二进制序列组成的spoligotype，还定义了许多主要和次要视觉规则。总共有六个主要规则（A至F）以及对额外缺失的间隔物（次要规则）的精确描述，用于定义36个M的主要进化枝（或家族）。结核病。确定的一些主要进化枝是东非印度（EAI）进化枝，北京进化枝，哈勒姆进化枝，拉丁美洲和地中海（LAM）进化枝，中亚（CAS）进化枝，IS 6110的欧洲进化枝低带（X;在美国和英国非常普遍），以及广泛但定义不清的进化枝（T）。当以上定义的视觉规则用于813种共有类型的自动标记以定义9个菌株的超家族时（非洲分枝杆菌，北京分公司，牛分枝杆菌，EAI，CAS ，T，Haarlem，X和LAM）中，有96.9％的共享类型获得了标签，这显示了对 M进行自动标签的潜力。定义明确的地理志系科的结核科。分析和讨论了八个大陆和次大陆（非洲，北美，中美洲，南美，欧洲，中东和中亚以及远东）之间共享类型的洲际匹配。

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