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首页> 外文期刊>Journal of Clinical and Diagnostic Research >Autism Spectrum Disorders-Aetiopathogenesis
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Autism Spectrum Disorders-Aetiopathogenesis

机译：自闭症谱系障碍-发病机制

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Autism Spectrum Disorders (ASD) are characterised by a range of clinical features that can vary from individual to individual in both degree of severity and variability of the clinical presentation. The aetiology or causation of ASD has been a widely debated issue for several decades; however, the exact cause of autism is still unknown. Research has suggested that ASD may be caused by genetic and/or environmental factors. Among those, children with low genetic susceptibility, some maternal and obstetric factors have an independent role in autism aetiology, whereas among genetically susceptible children, these factors appear to play a lesser role. It was observed that there is an increased risk of ASD due to: (i) advanced maternal age; (ii) advanced paternal age; (iii) duration of gestation; (iv) intrapartum hypoxia; and (v) birth weight. Recent evidence also suggests potential links of immune dysfunction, dietary, metabolic and gastrointestinal factors.
机译：自闭症谱系障碍（ASD）的特征是一系列临床特征，在临床表现的严重程度和变异性方面，每个人之间可能会有所不同。数十年来，ASD的病因学或因果关系一直是人们广泛争论的问题。然而，自闭症的确切病因仍未知。研究表明，自闭症可能是由遗传和/或环境因素引起的。在这些儿童中，遗传易感性低的儿童，某些母亲和产科因素在自闭症病因学中具有独立的作用，而在遗传易感儿童中，这些因素的作用似乎较小。据观察，由于以下原因，发生自闭症的风险增加： （ii）父亲的高龄; （iii）妊娠时间; （iv）产时缺氧; （v）出生体重。最近的证据还表明免疫功能障碍，饮食，代谢和胃肠道因素的潜在联系。

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