A Polysaccharide Deacetylase Gene (pdaA) Is Required for Germination and for Production of Muramic δ-Lactam Residues in the Spore Cortex of Bacillus subtilis

Tatsuya Fukushima; Hiroki Yamamoto; Abdelmadjid Atrih; Simon J. Foster; Junichi Sekiguchi

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A Polysaccharide Deacetylase Gene (pdaA) Is Required for Germination and for Production of Muramic δ-Lactam Residues in the Spore Cortex of Bacillus subtilis

机译：多糖脱乙酰酶基因（pdaA）是枯草芽孢杆菌的孢子皮层中萌发和产生壁垒δ-内酰胺残基所必需的。

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The predicted amino acid sequence of Bacillus subtilis yfjS (renamed pdaA) exhibits high similarity to those of several polysaccharide deacetylases. β-Galactosidase fusion experiments and results of Northern hybridization with sporulation sigma mutants indicated that the pdaA gene is transcribed by EσG RNA polymerase. pdaA-deficient spores were bright by phase-contrast microscopy, and the spores were induced to germination on the addition of l-alanine. Germination-associated spore darkening, a slow and partial decrease in absorbance, and slightly lower dipicolinic acid release compared with that by the wild-type strain were observed. In particular, the release of hexosamine-containing materials was lacking in the pdaA mutant. Muropeptide analysis indicated that the pdaA-deficient spores completely lacked muramic δ-lactam. A pdaA-gfp fusion protein constructed in strain 168 and pdaA-deficient strains indicated that the protein is localized in B. subtilis spores. The biosynthetic pathway of muramic δ-lactam is discussed.

机译：枯草芽孢杆菌yfjS （更名为 pdaA ）的预测氨基酸序列与几种多糖脱乙酰酶的氨基酸序列具有高度相似性。 β-半乳糖苷酶融合实验以及与孢子形成的sigma突变体的Northern杂交结果表明， pdaA 基因被Eσ G RNA聚合酶转录。相差显微镜观察 pdaA 缺陷型孢子是明亮的，加入1-丙氨酸可诱导孢子萌发。与野生型菌株相比，观察到了萌发相关的孢子变暗，吸光度的缓慢和部分下降以及二吡啶甲酸的释放略低。特别是， pdaA 突变体中缺少含六胺的物质的释放。巯肽分析表明， pdaA 缺陷型孢子完全缺乏胞质δ-内酰胺。在168号菌株和 pdaA 缺陷型菌株中构建的 pdaA-gfp 融合蛋白表明该蛋白位于 B中。枯草芽孢讨论了非离子性δ-内酰胺的生物合成途径。 展开▼

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《Journal of bacteriology》 |2002年第21期|共9页

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Tatsuya Fukushima; Hiroki Yamamoto; Abdelmadjid Atrih; Simon J. Foster; Junichi Sekiguchi;
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中图分类微生物学;

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1. Muramic lactam in peptidoglycan of Bacillus subtilis spores is required for spore outgrowth but not for spore dehydration or heat resistance [J] . David L. Popham, Jari Helin, Catherine E. Costello Proceedings of the National Academy of Sciences of the United States of America . 1996,第26期

机译：枯草芽孢杆菌孢子的肽聚糖中的村内酰胺对于孢子生长是必需的，但对于孢子脱水或耐热性则不是必需的

2. Production of Muramic δ-Lactam in Bacillus subtilis Spore Peptidoglycan [J] . Meghan E. Gilmore, Dabanjan Bandyopadhyay, Amanda M. Dean, Journal of bacteriology . 2004,第1期

机译：枯草芽孢杆菌孢子肽聚糖中鼠李糖δ-内酰胺的产生

3. A Polysaccharide Deacetylase Homologue, PdaA, in Bacillus subtilis Acts as an N-Acetylmuramic Acid Deacetylase In Vitro [J] . Tatsuya Fukushima, Toshihiko Kitajima, Junichi Sekiguchi Journal of bacteriology . 2005,第4期

机译：枯草芽孢杆菌中的多糖脱乙酰基酶同源物PdaA充当N-乙酰基尿酸脱乙酰基酶的体外产物

4. The different pathways of spore germination and inactivation of Bacillus subtilis under high pressure and elevated temperatures [C] . Kai Reineke, Isabel Doehner, Daniel Baier, International congress on engineering and food . 2011

机译：高压下枯草芽孢杆菌的孢子萌发和枯灭性的不同途径和升高的温度

5. Identification of a new protein involved in Bacillus subtilis spore germination and study of its gene expression, localization and cross-linking into the spore coat. [D] . Ragkousi, Katerina. 2004

机译：鉴定一种新的参与枯草芽孢杆菌孢子萌发的蛋白质，并研究其基因表达，定位和交联到孢子皮中。

6. A Polysaccharide Deacetylase Gene (pdaA) Is Required for Germination and for Production of Muramic δ-Lactam Residues in the Spore Cortex of Bacillus subtilis [O] . Tatsuya Fukushima, Hiroki Yamamoto, Abdelmadjid Atrih, 2002

机译：多糖脱乙酰酶基因（pdaA）是枯草芽孢杆菌的孢子皮层中萌发和产生壁垒δ-内酰胺残基所必需的。

7. A Polysaccharide Deacetylase Gene (pdaA) Is Required for Germination and for Production of Muramic δ-Lactam Residues in the Spore Cortex of Bacillus subtilis [O] . Fukushima, Tatsuya, Yamamoto, Hiroki, Atrih, Abdelmadjid, 2002

机译：多糖脱乙酰酶基因（pdaA）是枯草芽孢杆菌的孢子皮层中萌发和产生壁垒δ-内酰胺残基所必需的。

8. Cloning, Nucleotide Sequence, and Regulation of the Bacillus subtilis gpr Gene,Which Codes for the Protease That Initiates Degradation of Small, Acid-Soluble Proteins during Spore Germination [R] . Sussman, M. D., Setlow, P. 1991

机译：枯草芽孢杆菌gpr基因的克隆，核苷酸序列和调控，其编码在孢子萌发期间开始降解小的酸溶性蛋白质的蛋白酶

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7. 聚多糖脱乙酰酶基因家族VdpdaAs在大丽轮枝菌中的功能分析 [A] . 毛建才 . 2015

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A Polysaccharide Deacetylase Gene (pdaA) Is Required for Germination and for Production of Muramic δ-Lactam Residues in the Spore Cortex of Bacillus subtilis

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