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首页> 外文期刊>Journal of bacteriology >Lag Phase Is a Distinct Growth Phase That Prepares Bacteria for Exponential Growth and Involves Transient Metal Accumulation
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Lag Phase Is a Distinct Growth Phase That Prepares Bacteria for Exponential Growth and Involves Transient Metal Accumulation

机译：滞后阶段是一个不同的生长期，它为细菌的指数生长做好准备，并涉及瞬时金属的积累

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Lag phase represents the earliest and most poorly understood stage of the bacterial growth cycle. We developed a reproducible experimental system and conducted functional genomic and physiological analyses of a 2-h lag phase in Salmonella enterica serovar Typhimurium. Adaptation began within 4 min of inoculation into fresh LB medium with the transient expression of genes involved in phosphate uptake. The main lag-phase transcriptional program initiated at 20 min with the upregulation of 945 genes encoding processes such as transcription, translation, iron-sulfur protein assembly, nucleotide metabolism, LPS biosynthesis, and aerobic respiration. ChIP-chip revealed that RNA polymerase was not “poised” upstream of the bacterial genes that are rapidly induced at the beginning of lag phase, suggesting a mechanism that involves de novo partitioning of RNA polymerase to transcribe 522 bacterial genes within 4 min of leaving stationary phase. We used inductively coupled plasma mass spectrometry (ICP-MS) to discover that iron, calcium, and manganese are accumulated by S. Typhimurium during lag phase, while levels of cobalt, nickel, and sodium showed distinct growth-phase-specific patterns. The high concentration of iron during lag phase was associated with transient sensitivity to oxidative stress. The study of lag phase promises to identify the physiological and regulatory processes responsible for adaptation to new environments.
机译：滞后阶段代表细菌生长周期的最早且最难理解的阶段。我们开发了可重复的实验系统，并对沙门氏菌血清型鼠伤寒沙门氏菌的2 h滞后期进行了功能基因组和生理分析。在接种到新鲜的LB培养基中后4分钟内就开始适应，其瞬时表达参与磷酸盐吸收的基因。滞后阶段的主要转录程序始于20分钟，其中上调了945个基因的编码过程，这些过程包括转录，翻译，铁硫蛋白装配，核苷酸代谢，LPS生物合成和有氧呼吸。 ChIP芯片显示，RNA聚合酶并未“滞留”在迟滞期开始时迅速诱导的细菌基因的上游，这提示了涉及RNA聚合酶的从头分配以转录522个细菌的机制。在离开固定相4分钟内获得基因。我们使用电感耦合等离子体质谱法（ICP-MS）来发现 S 积累了铁，钙和锰。鼠伤寒在后期阶段，而钴，镍和钠的水平则显示出不同的生长期特异性模式。滞后阶段铁的高浓度与对氧化应激的瞬时敏感性有关。滞后阶段的研究有望确定负责适应新环境的生理和调节过程。

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