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首页> 外文期刊>Journal of bacteriology >HopX1 in Erwinia amylovora Functions as an Avirulence Protein in Apple and Is Regulated by HrpL
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HopX1 in Erwinia amylovora Functions as an Avirulence Protein in Apple and Is Regulated by HrpL

机译：淀粉小球藻中的HopX1在苹果中起无毒蛋白的作用，并受HrpL调控

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摘要

Fire blight is a devastating disease of rosaceous plants caused by the Gram-negative bacterium Erwinia amylovora. This pathogen delivers virulence proteins into host cells utilizing the type III secretion system (T3SS). Expression of the T3SS and of translocated and secreted substrates is activated by the alternative sigma factor HrpL, which recognizes hrp box promoters upstream of regulated genes. A collection of hidden Markov model (HMM) profiles was used to identify putative hrp boxes in the genome sequence of Ea273, a highly virulent strain of E. amylovora. Among potential virulence factors preceded by putative hrp boxes, two genes previously known as Eop3 and Eop2 were characterized. The presence of functionally active hrp boxes upstream of these two genes was confirmed by β-glucuronidase (GUS) assays. Deletion mutants of the latter candidate genes, renamed hopX1Ea and hopAK1Ea, respectively, did not differ in virulence from the wild-type strain when assayed in pear fruit and apple shoots. The hopX1Ea deletion mutant of Ea273, complemented with a plasmid overexpressing hopX1Ea, suppressed the development of the hypersensitivity response (HR) when inoculated into Nicotiana benthamiana; however, it contributed to HR in Nicotiana tabacum and significantly reduced the progress of disease in apple shoots, suggesting that HopX1Ea may act as an avirulence protein in apple shoots.
机译：枯萎病是由革兰氏阴性细菌欧文氏小球藻引起的玫瑰色植物的毁灭性疾病。该病原体利用III型分泌系统（T3SS）将毒力蛋白传递到宿主细胞中。 T3SS以及易位和分泌的底物的表达被替代的sigma因子HrpL激活，该因子识别受调控基因上游的 hrp 盒启动子。使用隐马尔可夫模型（HMM）配置文件的集合来识别Ea273（一种高度致死性链球菌Ea273）的基因组序列中的推定 hrp 框。在推定的 hrp 框之前的潜在毒力因子中，鉴定了两个先前称为Eop3和Eop2的基因。通过β-葡糖醛酸糖苷酶（GUS）分析证实了这两个基因上游的功能活跃的 hrp 盒的存在。后一种候选基因的缺失突变体，分别重命名为 hopX1 Ea 和 hopAK1 Ea ，其毒力无差异当在梨果实和苹果芽中测定时，从野生型菌株中提取。 Ea273的 hopX1 Ea 缺失突变体，与过量表达 hopX1 E a 的质粒互补>，当接种到本氏烟草中时，抑制了超敏反应（HR）的发展;然而，它促进了烟草中的HR，并显着降低了苹果芽中病害的进程，表明HopX1 Ea 可能是苹果芽中的一种无毒蛋白。

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