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Cattle barn bedding from recycled manure: some veterinary, technological and economic aspects of application

机译：来自回收肥料的牛谷仓床上用品：一些兽医，技术和经济方面的应用

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Agriculture modernization is a topical issue for both the global and domestic economy. Intensification of livestock farming results in an increased production of manure. Recycling of manure into bedding is one of the modern utilization technologies. National regulations do not specify requirements for currently applied bedding types, including manure-based bedding. The foreign experience, however, demonstrates several economic, zootechnical and hygienic advantages of this material. The field veterinary study revealed the positive health effect of bedding. The cows housed without bedding featured threefold higher risk of surgical diseases of limbs. Technical and economic assessment of a dairy farm with 1000 dairy cows showed the following annual operating costs when the major part of manure was passively composted and a part of manure was recycled into the bedding by (1) aerobic solid-state fermentation in a chamber fermenter and finish drying in a dryer drum – 24.2 million roubles; (2) aerobic solid-state fermentation in a drum fermenter – 21.7 million roubles; and (3) thermal drying in a dryer drum – 27.5 million roubles. At the same time, if all manure produced was composted and the bedding was purchased from external sources, the costs would be 27.9 to 35.2 million roubles depending on the bedding material.
机译：农业现代化是全球和国内经济的主题问题。畜牧业的强化导致粪肥生产增加。粪便回收到床上用品是现代利用技术之一。国家法规未指定目前应用床上用品类型的要求，包括粪便的寝具。然而，外国经验展示了这种材料的几种经济，Zootechnical和卫生优势。野外兽医研究揭示了床上用品的积极健康效果。没有床上用品的奶牛特征在于三倍的肢体手术疾病的风险更高。当粪便的主要部分被动地堆肥时，奶牛的技术和经济评估显示出以下年度运营成本，并将粪肥的一部分被回收到床上用品（1）在腔室发酵罐中的有氧固态发酵并在干燥器滚筒中完成干燥 - 2420万卢布; （2）鼓发酵罐中的好氧固态发酵 - 2170万卢布; （3）在干燥机中的热干燥 - 2750万卢布。与此同时，如果所有生产的肥料都堆肥并从外部来源购买床上用品，那么根据床上用品材料，费用将是27.9至3520万卢布。

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