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首页> 外文期刊>Aquaculture and Fisheries >The role of marine protected areas in sustaining fisheries: The case of the National Park of Banc d’Arguin, Mauritania
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The role of marine protected areas in sustaining fisheries: The case of the National Park of Banc d’Arguin, Mauritania

机译：海洋保护区在维持渔业中的作用：毛里塔尼亚Bancd d'Arguin国家公园的案例

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Mauritania is characterized by fast-growing fisheries that have developed over the past several decades from low levels of fishing to intense fishing and have led to severe decreases in biomass and severe signs of overexploitation. To ensure sustainable fisheries, a primary goal of science-based fisheries policy is to provide an adequate conservation status of marine habitats that are directly, or indirectly, fundamental for the lifecycle of fish populations of commercial interest. The National Park of Banc d’Arguin has been recognized for its nursery and fish biomass export functions. In this paper, we present the economic value of the fish provisioning service of marine coastal ecosystems of the protected area. We estimated the added value of artisanal fisheries, the spatial distribution of fishing activities, the contribution of the Park to the Mauritanian fisheries and the heritage value of artisanal fisheries. Overall, the average added value for artisanal fisheries is about 43 million MRU (1 million euros) over the period 2006–2017. It mainly benefits to the ship-owners, which generates inequalities and threatens the livelihoods of the Imraguen. The spatial distribution of fishing activities and associated revenues shows high variability throughout the years, the seasons and the geographic areas, and reveals the high adaptability of Imraguen fishers. Fishing grounds are mostly located close to the shore, associated with seagrass beds, confirming the service of fish provisioning rendered by this ecosystem. Furthermore, the high productivity of seagrass beds contributes to the spill-over of biomass. The contribution of the Park to fishing activities that occur within the Mauritanian Exclusive Economic Zone is estimated to 15%, representing an added value creation of 3.2 billion MRU (71 million euros). The heritage value of the fisheries is assessed, through fishers' willingness to accept to stop their fishing activities, at 17.5 million MRU (0.4 million euros). Thus, this paper highlights the necessity of incorporating an ecosystem-based approach along with fishers' knowledge and adaptability into future conservation plan of the National Park of Banc d’Arguin and fisheries management at the local, national and regional scale.
机译：毛里塔尼亚的特点是快速增长的渔业，这些渔业在过去几十年中，从钓鱼的低水平捕捞到强烈的捕捞，并导致生物质和过度异化的严重迹象。为确保可持续的渔业，基于科学渔业政策的主要目标是提供直接或间接的海洋栖息地的适当保护地位，用于商业利益的鱼群生命周期。 Banc D'Arguin国家公园已被确认为其苗圃和鱼生物量出口职能。在本文中，我们展示了保护区海洋沿海生态系统的鱼类供应服务的经济价值。我们估计了手工渔业的附加值，渔业活动的空间分布，公园对毛里塔尼亚渔业的贡献以及手工渔业的遗产。总体而言，在2006 - 2017年期间，手工渔业的平均额外价值约为4300万普瑞（100万欧元）。它主要有利于船东，从而产生不平等，威胁着IMRAGUEN的生计。渔业活动和相关收入的空间分布在整个年份，季节和地理区域，展示了渔民的高适应性。渔场主要位于与海草床相关联的岸边，确认这种生态系统提供的鱼类供应服务。此外，海草床的高生产率有助于生物质的溢出物。公园对毛里塔尼亚专属经济区内发生的捕捞活动的贡献估计为15％，代表增值了32亿普瑞（7100万欧元）。通过渔民的愿意接受捕捞活动，以1750万欧元（0.4百万欧元），评估渔业的遗产价值。因此，本文突出了将基于生态系统的方法纳入渔民的知识和适应性，进入了本地，国家和区域规模的渔业管理国家公园的未来保护计划。

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