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首页> 外文期刊>International Journal of Environmental Research and Public Health >Smoke-Free Rules and Secondhand Smoke Exposure in Vehicles among U.S. Adults—National Adult Tobacco Survey, 2009–2010 and 2013–2014
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Smoke-Free Rules and Secondhand Smoke Exposure in Vehicles among U.S. Adults—National Adult Tobacco Survey, 2009–2010 and 2013–2014

机译：美国成人 - 全国成人烟草调查，2009-2010和2013-2014在车辆中的无烟规则和二手烟雾暴露

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In the United States (U.S.), secondhand smoke (SHS) exposure causes more than 41,000 deaths among nonsmoking adults annually. Adoption of smoke-free laws in public areas has increased, but private settings such as vehicles remain a source of SHS exposure. This study assessed change in voluntary smoke-free vehicle rules and SHS exposure in personal vehicles among U.S. adults between two periods, 2009–2010 and 2013–2014, using data from the National Adult Tobacco Survey (NATS). NATS is a national landline and cellular telephone survey of non-institutionalized adults aged ≥18 years in the 50 U.S. states and the District of Columbia. We assessed percentage change in the prevalence of smoke-free vehicle rules among all adults and SHS exposure in vehicles among nonsmoking adults, overall, by sociodemographic factors (sex, age, race/ethnicity, education, marital status, annual household income, U.S. region), and by cigarette smoking status. During 2009–2010 to 2013–2014, the percentage of adults with a 100% smoke-free vehicle rule increased from 73.6% to 79.5% (% change = +8.0%; p < 0.05). Among nonsmokers, SHS exposure in vehicles in the previous 7 days decreased from 9.2% to 8.2% (% change = ?10.9%; p < 0.05). Smoke-free rules in private settings such as vehicles, in coordination with comprehensive smoke-free policies in indoor public settings, can help reduce SHS exposure and promote smoke-free norms.
机译：在美国（美国），二手烟（SHS）曝光每年导致非莫富成年人中有超过41,000人死亡。通过公共区域的无烟法律增加，但车辆等私人环境仍然是SHS曝光的源泉。本研究评估了在美国成人的个人车辆中自愿无烟车辆规则和SHS暴露的变化，2009 - 2010年和2013-2014之间，使用全国成人烟草调查（NATS）的数据。 NAT是在50美元和哥伦比亚地区≥18岁的非制度化成年人的国家固定电话和蜂窝电话调查。我们评估了所有成年人的无烟车辆规则的患病率的百分比变化，总体而言，通过社会渗目因素（性，年龄，种族/种族，教育，婚姻状况，年度家庭收入，美国地区） ），香烟吸烟状态。在2009 - 2010年至2013 - 2014年期间，100％无烟车辆规则的成年人百分比从73.6％增加到79.5％（百分比= + 8.0％; P <0.05）。在非闻名者中，SHS在前7天内的车辆中的暴露从9.2％降至8.2％（％变化= 10.9％; P <0.05）。无烟规则在私人设置（如车辆）中，在室内公共设施中的全面无烟政策协调，可以帮助降低SHS暴露并促进无烟规范。

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