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首页> 外文期刊>International Journal of Environmental Research and Public Health >Making the Environmental Justice Grade: The Relative Burden of Air Pollution Exposure in the United States
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Making the Environmental Justice Grade: The Relative Burden of Air Pollution Exposure in the United States

机译：使环境司法成绩：美国空气污染暴露的相对负担

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This paper assesses whether the Clean Air Act and its Amendments have been equally successful in ensuring the right to healthful air quality in both advantaged and disadvantaged communities in the United States. Using a method to rank air quality established by the American Lung Association in its 2009 State of the Air report along with EPA air quality data, we assess the environmental justice dimensions of air pollution exposure and access to air quality information in the United States. We focus on the race, age, and poverty demographics of communities with differing levels of ozone and particulate matter exposure, as well as communities with and without air quality information. Focusing on PM2.5 and ozone, we find that within areas covered by the monitoring networks, non-Hispanic blacks are consistently overrepresented in communities with the poorest air quality. The results for older and younger age as well as poverty vary by the pollution metric under consideration. Rural areas are typically outside the bounds of air quality monitoring networks leaving large segments of the population without information about their ambient air quality. These results suggest that substantial areas of the United States lack monitoring data, and among areas where monitoring data are available, low income and minority communities tend to experience higher ambient pollution levels.
机译：本文评估了清洁空气法及其修正案是否同样成功地确保在美国的优缺点和弱势社区的健康空气质量方面取得同样成功。使用方法来在2009年航空报告中与美国肺协会建立的空气质量等级，以及环保署空气质量数据，我们评估了空气污染暴露的环境正义维度，并获得了美国空气质量信息。我们专注于社区的竞争，年龄和贫困人口统计学，不同水平的臭氧和微粒曝光，以及有空气质量信息的社区。专注于PM2.5和臭氧，我们发现，在监测网络所涵盖的地区，非西班牙裔黑人在具有最贫困空气质量最贫困的社区中持续过度呈现。年龄较小的年龄和贫困的结果与正在考虑的污染指标变化。农村地区通常在空气质量监测网络范围之外，留下大量人口，无需信息空气质量。这些结果表明，美国的大量领域缺乏监测数据，以及可获得监测数据的领域，低收入和少数群体社区往往会经历更高的环境污染水平。

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