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首页> 外文期刊>Ecosphere >The Catalan butterfly monitoring scheme has the capacity to detect effects of modifying agricultural practices
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The Catalan butterfly monitoring scheme has the capacity to detect effects of modifying agricultural practices

机译：加泰罗尼亚蝴蝶监测方案具有检测改变农业实践的影响的能力

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Impacts of agricultural management practices on the receiving environment are seldom suitably assessed because environmental monitoring is costly. In this regard, data generated by already existing environmental survey networks (ESNs) may have sufficient capacity to detect effects. Here, we study the capacity of the Catalan butterfly monitoring scheme (CBMS) to detect differences in butterfly abundance due to changes in agricultural practices. As a model, we compared butterfly abundance across two landscape types according to agricultural intensification. A 2?km diameter buffer area was centered on the CBMS transect, the control group were transects located in areas where intensive agriculture represented <20% of the area; a treated group was simulated by selecting transects located in areas where intensive agriculture occupied an area over 40%. The Welcht ‐test (α?=?0.05 and 80% power) was used to compare butterfly abundance per section across landscape types. The capacity of thet‐ test to detect changes in mean butterfly abundance, of 12 butterfly indicators relevant to farmland, was calculated annually and for 5‐, 10‐, and 15‐yr periods. Detection capacity of thet ‐test depended mainly on butterfly data sample size and variability; difference in butterfly abundance was less important. Thet‐ test would be capable of detecting acceptably small population changes across years and sites. For instance, considering a 15‐yr period, it would be possible to detect a change in abundance below 10% of the multispecies indicators (all butterfly species, open habitat species, mobile species, and grassland indicators) and two single species (Lasiommata megera andLycaena phlaeas ). When comparisons were carried out within each year, thet ‐test would only be capable of detecting a change below 30% for all butterfly species, mobile species, andL.?megera . However, detection capacity rapidly improved with the addition of further years, and with 5?yr of monitoring, all indicators butThymelicus acteon had a detection capacity below 30%. We therefore conclude that, from a statistical point of view, the CBMS data “as is” are sensitive enough for monitoring effects of changes in agricultural practices. It could be used, for instance, for the general surveillance of genetically modified crops.
机译：由于环境监测成本高，农业管理实践对接收环境的影响很少。在这方面，由现有的环境调查网络（ESN）产生的数据可能具有足够的能力来检测效果。在这里，我们研究了加泰罗尼亚蝴蝶监测方案（CBMS）的能力，以检测由于农业实践变化导致的蝴蝶丰富的差异。作为一种模型，我们根据农业强化比较了两种景观类型的蝴蝶丰富。在CBMS晶体中以2 km直径的缓冲区为中心，对照组是位于密集农业所代表<20％的地区的区域的横断面;通过选择位于密集农业的区域占据40％以上的区域的横断面来模拟治疗组。韦尔奇 T -Test（α？=？0.05和80％的功率）用于比较横跨景观类型的蝴蝶丰度。每年计算与农田相关的12个蝶形指标的平均蝴蝶丰富变化的能力是每年计算的，并为5-，10-和15年期间计算。 T -Test的检测能力主要取决于蝴蝶数据样本尺寸和变异性;蝴蝶丰富的差异不太重要。 T-Test将能够检测跨年和地点的可接受的小人口变化。例如，考虑到15年的时间，可以检测低于多数指标（所有蝴蝶物种，开放栖息地物种，移动物种和草地指示剂）和两种单一物种的大量变化（ lasiommata megera和 lycaena phlaeas）。当在每年进行比较时， T -Test只能检测所有蝴蝶种，移动物种和 l.?megera的低于30％的变化。然而，随着较早的增加，检测能力迅速改善，并用5？YR监测，所有指标，但胸腺静脉的检测能力低于30％。因此，我们得出结论，从统计观点来看，CBMS数据“按原样”是足够敏感的，以监测农业实践变化的影响。例如，它可以用于转基因作物的一般监测。

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