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首页> 外文期刊>Ecosphere >Agricultural lands offer seasonal habitats to tigers in a human‐dominated and fragmented landscape in India
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Agricultural lands offer seasonal habitats to tigers in a human‐dominated and fragmented landscape in India

机译：农业用地为印度人为统治和分散的景观中的老虎提供季节性栖息地

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Conserving wide‐ranging large carnivores in human‐dominated landscapes is contingent on acknowledging the conservation value of human‐modified lands. This is particularly true for tigers (Panthera tigris ), now largely dependent on small and fragmented habitats, embedded within densely populated agroecosystems in India. Devising a comprehensive conservation strategy for the species requires an understanding of the temporal patterns of space use by tiger within these human‐modified areas. These areas are often characterized by altered prey communities, novel risks resulting from high human densities and seasonally dynamic vegetative cover. Understanding space use within these areas is vital to devising human‐tiger conflict prevention measures and for conserving landscape elements critical to maintain functional connectivity between populations. We documented seasonal space‐use patterns of tigers in agricultural lands surrounding protected areas in the Central Terai Landscape ( CTL ) in northern India. We estimated the probability of space use and its drivers by applying dynamic occupancy models that correct for false‐positive and false‐negative errors to tiger detectionon‐detection data within agricultural areas. These data were generated by conducting local interviews, sign surveys, and camera trapping within 94 randomly selected 2.5‐km~(2)grid cells. We found that agricultural areas were used with high probability in the winter (0.64; standard error [ SE ] 0.08), a period of high vegetative cover availability. The use of agricultural lands was lower in the summer (0.56; SE 0.09) and was lowest in the monsoon season (0.21; SE 0.07), tracking a decline in vegetative cover and available habitat across the landscape. Availability of vegetative cover and drainage features positively influenced space use, whereas use declined with increasing distance to protected areas and the extent of human settlements. These findings highlight the role of agricultural areas in providing seasonal habitats for tigers and offer a basis for understanding where tigers and humans co‐occur in these landscapes. These findings help expand our current understanding of what constitutes large carnivore habitats to include human‐dominated agricultural areas. They underscore the need for greater integration of land‐sharing and land‐sparing initiatives to conserve large carnivores within human‐dominated agroecosystems.
机译：在人占领的景观中保护广泛的大肉生能目的是承认人类改良土地的保护价值。这对于老虎（ Panthera Tigris）尤其如此，现在在很大程度上依赖于小型和碎片的栖息地，嵌入印度的浓密人口稠密的农业系统中。为物种设计综合保护策略需要了解这些人修改区域内的老虎的时间模式。这些地区通常是由猎物社区改变的特点，从高人类密度和季节性动态营养覆盖引起的新型风险。了解这些领域内的空间使用对于设计人力虎冲突措施至关重要，并为保护人口之间的功能连接至关重要。我们记录了在印度北部泰国市中心景观（CTL）的保护区周围的农业土地中的季节性空间使用模式。我们估计空间使用及其驱动程序的可能性来应用于在农业区域内的老虎检测非检测数据中纠正了误报和假阴性误差的动态占用模型。通过进行本地访谈，签署调查和94内的摄像机捕获来生成这些数据，随机选择的2.5 km〜（2）个网格单元格。我们发现农业领域在冬季使用高概率（0.64;标准误差[SE 0.08），一段高营养覆盖可用性。夏季使用农业用地（0.56; SE 0.09），季风季节最低（0.21; SE 0.07），追踪植物覆盖和横跨景观的栖息地下降。营养覆盖和排水的可用性具有积极影响的空间使用，而使用距离与保护区的距离增加以及人类住区的程度。这些调查结果突出了农业领域为老虎提供季节性栖息地的作用，为老虎和人类在这些景观中发生了良好的理解提供了基础。这些调查结果有助于扩大我们目前对构成大型食肉动物栖息地的理解，以包括人为人占农业区域。他们强调了需要更加融入土地分享和土地备受措施，以保护人在占人为主的农业系统中的大型食肉动物。

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