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The role of neoantigen in immune checkpoint blockade therapy

机译：Neoantigen在免疫检查点阻断治疗中的作用

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Immune checkpoint inhibitor induces tumor rejection by activated host immune system. The anti-tumor immune response consists of capture, presentation, recognition of neoantigen, as well as subsequent killing of tumor cell. Due to the interdependence among this series of stepwise events, neoantigen profoundly influences the efficacy of anti-immune checkpoint therapy. Moreover, the neoantigen-specific T cell reactivity is the cornerstone of multiple immunotherapies. In fact, several strategies targeting neoantigen have been attempted for synergetic effect with immune checkpoint inhibitor. Increasing neoantigen presentation to immune system by oncolytic virus, radiotherapy, or cancer vaccine is feasible to enhance neoantigen-specific T cell reactivity in theory. However, some obstacles have not been overcome in practice such as dynamic variation of neoantigen landscape, identification of potential neoantigen, maintenance of high T cell titer post vaccination. In addition, adoptive T cell transfer is another approach to enhance neoantigen-specific T cell reactivity, especially for patients with severe immunosuppression. In this review, we highlighted the advancements of neoantigen and innovative explorations of utilization of neoantigen repertoire in immune checkpoint blockade therapy.
机译：免疫检查点抑制剂通过活化宿主免疫系统诱导肿瘤排斥。抗肿瘤免疫反应包括捕获，呈现，对新稻草的识别以及随后杀死肿瘤细胞。由于这一系列的逐步活动中的相互依存，新洲人深刻地影响了抗免疫检查点治疗的疗效。此外，Neoantigen特异性T细胞反应性是多种免疫疗法的基石。事实上，已经尝试使用免疫检查点抑制剂的协同效应来靶向Neoantigen的几种策略。通过溶瘤病毒，放射治疗或癌症疫苗增加新稻垣介绍，可行，以提高理论上的新南古特异性T细胞反应性。然而，在实践中仍未克服了一些障碍，例如Neoantigen景观的动态变化，识别潜在的新宿老，高T细胞滴度接种疫苗接种。此外，采用T细胞转移是另一种提高新稻草特异性T细胞反应性的方法，特别是对于严重免疫抑制的患者。在这篇综述中，我们强调了Neoantigen和Neoantigen Repertoire在免疫检查点梗死治疗中的新的利用进程的进步。

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