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首页> 外文期刊>Geosciences >Estimation of Avalanche Development and Frontal Velocities Based on the Spectrogram of the Seismic Signals Generated at the Vallée de la Sionne Test Site
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Estimation of Avalanche Development and Frontal Velocities Based on the Spectrogram of the Seismic Signals Generated at the Vallée de la Sionne Test Site

机译：基于ValléedeLasionne试验网站ValléeDaionnei的地震信号谱分析探测雪崩开发和额速度

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The changes in the seismic signals generated by avalanches recorded at three sites along a path at the Vallée de la Sionne (VdlS) experimental site are presented. We discuss and correlate the differences in the duration, signal amplitudes, and frequency content of the sections (Signal ONset (ON), Signal Body (SBO), and Signal TAil and Signal ENd STA-SEN) of the spectrograms with the evolution of the powder, transitional and wet snow avalanches along a path. The development of the avalanche front was quantified using the exponential function in time F (t) = K’ exp (β t) fitted to the shape of the signal ONset (SON section of the spectrogram. The speed of the avalanche front is contained in β. To this end, a new method was developed. The three seismic components were converted into one seismic component (FS), when expressing the vector in polar coordinates. We linked the theoretical function of the shape of the FS-SON section of the spectrogram to the numerical coefficients of its shape after considering the spectrogram as an image. This allowed us to obtain the coefficients K’ and β. For this purpose, the Hough Transform (HT) was applied to the image. The values of the resulting coefficients K’ and β are included in different ranges in accordance with the three types of avalanche. Curves created with these coefficients enable us to estimate the development of the different avalanche types along the path. Our results show the feasibility of classifying the type of avalanche through these coefficients. Average speeds of the avalanches approaching the recording sites were estimated. The speed values of wet and transitional avalanches are consistent with those derived from GEODAR (GEOphysical Doppler radAR) measurements, when available. The absence of agreement in the speed values obtained from seismic signals and GEODAR measurements for powder snow avalanches indicates, for this type of avalanche, a different source of the measured signal. Hence, the use of the two measuring systems proves to be complementary.
机译：展示了沿着Valléedeaionne（VDLS）实验部位的三个地点记录在三个地点的雪崩产生的地震信号的变化。我们讨论并与谱图的持续时间，信号幅度和频率内容的差异讨论和相关联（信号发作（上），信号体（S信号尾部和信号尾部和信号尾部和信号端STA-SEN）的谱图的演变沿着路径的粉末，过渡和湿雪雪崩。使用时间f（t）= k'exp（βt）的指数函数量化雪崩前部的发展，其装配到信号发作的形状（谱图的SON部分。雪崩前的速度包含在内β为此，开发了一种新方法。当在极性坐标中表达载体时，将三个地震成分转化为一个地震成分（FS）。我们与FS-SON部分的形状联系起来的理论函数在将频谱图视为图像之后的形状的数值系数的谱图。这使得我们允许我们获得系数k'和β。为此，将霍夫变换（HT）应用于图像。所得系数的值根据三种类型的雪崩，k'和β包括在不同的范围内。用这些系数创建的曲线使我们能够估计沿着路径的不同雪崩类型的开发。我们的结果表明了可行性通过这些系数对雪崩的类型进行分类。估计接近录音站点的雪崩的平均速度。湿和过渡雪崩的速度值与从地理物理学（地球物理多普勒雷达）测量结果的那些符合，当可用时。在从地震信号和粉末雪崩的地震信号和地理摩尔测量获得的速度值中没有达成协议，表明这种类型的雪崩，测量信号的不同来源。因此，两种测量系统的使用证明是互补的。

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