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The power in the interview: A practical guide for identifying the critical role of actor interests in environment research

机译：面试中的权力：确定演员兴趣在环境研究中的关键作用的实用指南

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In policy discussions of sensitive and complex issues, particularly in the field of forestry and natural resources, interests play an integral role, but are often a challenging component to contextualize, understand, and study. For various reasons related to factors of influence and authority, actors often do not want their interests uncovered by either competitors or even by non-partisan researchers. Nevertheless, identifying such interests continue to be a critical task for the research community, particularly if we are to better understand the broader effects, effectiveness, or shortcomings of policy. In this short policy brief, we provide a practical guide for researchers to capture and incorporate actor interests as part of their empirical evidence through the interview process. Following an empirical-analytical approach, we first distinguish interests of two different types, the formal and informal. Thereafter, our guide lays out an approach consisting of four distinct phases, namely: i) deciding on the interview format, ii) creating situational settings for the interview, iii) preparing interview guides; and iv) triangulating the interview. In each phase, we underline the importance of a culture of generosity and positivity directed toward the interviewees, comfortably engaging them to describe factors and scenarios in rich detail, while also encouraging respondents to express their values and feelings toward both the area of study and other actors across policy networks. Actor interests are always a sensitive issue in policies related to the environment, which are often purposefully hidden by actors, and commonly overlooked by research; We develop a practical guide based on a set of principles for researchers to use when approaching interviews, which will help to more effectively understand and contextualize actor interests, and can ensure more robust findings about policies related to the environment and natural resources; This guide lays out four distinct phases for approaching the complex and sensitive issue of actor interests for data collection using interviews, namely through the way researchers i) structure interview formats, ii) set up situational settings, iii) approach the preparation and delivery of guiding questions, and iv) triangulate the interview.
机译：在敏感和复杂问题的政策讨论中，特别是在林业和自然资源领域，利益发挥积分作用，但往往是有挑战性，理解和学习的具有挑战性的组成部分。由于与影响和权威因素有关的原因，演员通常不希望他们的竞争对手甚至非党派研究人员发现的兴趣。尽管如此，确定这些利益继续成为研究界的重要任务，特别是如果我们更好地了解更广泛的效果，有效性或政策缺陷。在这一简短的政策简报中，我们为研究人员提供了一个实用指南，以通过面试过程作为其经验证据的一部分捕获和纳入演员利益。经过经验分析方法，我们首先区分两种不同类型的利益，正式和非正式。此后，我们的指南列出了一种由四个不同阶段组成的方法，即：i）决定采访格式，ii）为面试，iii）制定面试指南;和iv）三角调整面试。在每阶段，我们强调了慷慨和积极性的重要性，指向受访者，舒适地让他们描述丰富细节的因素和情景，同时鼓励受访者表达他们的价值观和对学习领域的价值观和感受跨政策网络的演员。演员兴趣始终是与环境有关的政策的敏感问题，这些政策通常是由演员隐藏的，通常被研究忽视;我们根据一套实用指导，基于一系列原则，用于研究人员在接近采访时使用，这将有助于更有效地理解和环境化演员利益，并可以确保与环境和自然资源有关的政策更加强大的调查结果;本指南阐述了四个不同的阶段，用于使用访谈，即通过研究人员的方式进行数据收集的复杂和敏感问题，即通过研究人员i）结构访谈格式，ii）设置境地设置，iii）接近指导的准备和交付问题和iv）三角调的采访。

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