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Free-Space Quantum Electrodynamics with a Single Rydberg Superatom

机译:具有单个Rydberg SuperoM的自由空间量子电动动力学

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The interaction of a single photon with an individual two-level system is the textbook example of quantum electrodynamics. Achieving strong coupling in this system has so far required confinement of the light field inside resonators or waveguides. Here, we demonstrate strong coherent coupling between a single Rydberg superatom, consisting of thousands of atoms behaving as a single two-level system because of the Rydberg blockade, and a propagating light pulse containing only a few photons. The strong light-matter coupling, in combination with the direct access to the outgoing field, allows us to observe, for the first time, the effect of the interactions on the driving field at the single-photon level. We find that all our results are in quantitative agreement with the predictions of the theory of a single two-level system strongly coupled to a single quantized propagating light mode.
机译:单个光子与单个两级系统的相互作用是量子电动力学的教科书示例。在该系统中实现了强大的耦合,所以迄今为止在谐振器或波导内部的光场限制。这里,我们在单个Rydberg超大层之间展示了强烈的相干耦合,该rydberg超大耦合,该超射频是由于rydberg封锁而成的成千上万的原子,并且仅包含几个光子的传播光脉冲。强烈的浅灰质耦合与直接进入的外向场的直接进入,允许我们首次观察单个光子电平在驱动场上的相互作用的效果。我们发现,我们的所有结果都是在定量协议中,与单个两级系统的理论的预测,其强烈耦合到单量化传播光模式。

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