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首页> 外文期刊>Physical Review X >Thermodynamics of Modularity: Structural Costs Beyond the Landauer Bound
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Thermodynamics of Modularity: Structural Costs Beyond the Landauer Bound

机译：模块化的热力学：超越Landauer的结构成本

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Information processing typically occurs via the composition of modular units, such as the universal logic gates found in discrete computation circuits. The benefit of modular information processing, in contrast to globally integrated information processing, is that complex computations are more easily and flexibly implemented via a series of simpler, localized information processing operations that only control and change local degrees of freedom. We show that, despite these benefits, there are unavoidable thermodynamic costs to modularity—costs that arise directly from the operation of localized processing and that go beyond Landauer’s bound on the work required to erase information. Localized operations are unable to leverage global correlations, which are a thermodynamic fuel. We quantify the minimum irretrievable dissipation of modular computations in terms of the difference between the change in global nonequilibrium free energy, which captures these global correlations, and the local (marginal) change in nonequilibrium free energy, which bounds modular work production. This modularity dissipation is proportional to the amount of additional work required to perform a computational task modularly, measuring a structural energy cost. It determines the thermodynamic efficiency of different modular implementations of the same computation, and so it has immediate consequences for the architecture of physically embedded transducers, known as information ratchets. Constructively, we show how to circumvent modularity dissipation by designing internal ratchet states that capture the information reservoir’s global correlations and patterns. Thus, there are routes to thermodynamic efficiency that circumvent globally integrated protocols and instead reduce modularity dissipation to optimize the architecture of computations composed of a series of localized operations.
机译：信息处理通常通过模块化单元的组成发生，例如在离散计算电路中发现的通用逻辑门。与全局集成信息处理相比，模块化信息处理的好处是通过仅控制和改变局部自由度的一系列更简单，本地化信息处理操作，更容易和灵活地实现复杂计算。我们表明，尽管有这些效益，但模块化成本是不可避免的热力学成本，即直接从本地化处理的运营产生，并且超越Landauer在擦除信息所需的工作中的束缚之外。本地化操作无法利用全局相关性，这是热力学燃料。我们在全球非QuibiRibirim自由能变化之间的差异方面量化了模块化计算的最小不可挽回的耗散，这捕获了这些全局相关性，以及非Quibibribrium自由能的局部（边缘）变化，这界定了模块化工作。这种模块化耗散与模块化执行计算任务所需的额外工作量，测量结构能量成本的比例。它决定了相同计算的不同模块实现的热力学效率，因此它对物理嵌入式换能器的架构具有即时后果，称为信息棘轮。建设性地，我们展示了如何通过设计捕获信息库的全球相关性和模式的内部棘轮状态来规避模块化耗散。因此，存在绕过全局集成协议的热力学效率的路线，而是减少模块化耗散以优化由一系列本地化操作组成的计算架构。

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