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首页> 外文期刊>PLoS Biology >Dynamically Allocated Hub in Task-Evoked Network Predicts the Vulnerable Prefrontal Locus for Contextual Memory Retrieval in Macaques
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Dynamically Allocated Hub in Task-Evoked Network Predicts the Vulnerable Prefrontal Locus for Contextual Memory Retrieval in Macaques

机译：任务诱发网络中的动态分配的集线器预测Macaques中的上下文存储器检索的易受攻击的前额定轨迹

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Neuroimaging and neurophysiology have revealed that multiple areas in the prefrontal cortex (PFC) are activated in a specific memory task, but severity of impairment after PFC lesions is largely different depending on which activated area is damaged. The critical relationship between lesion sites and impairments has not yet been given a clear mechanistic explanation. Although recent works proposed that a whole-brain network contains hubs that play integrative roles in cortical information processing, this framework relying on an anatomy-based structural network cannot account for the vulnerable locus for a specific task, lesioning of which would bring impairment. Here, we hypothesized that (i) activated PFC areas dynamically form an ordered network centered at a task-specific “functional hub” and (ii) the lesion-effective site corresponds to the “functional hub,” but not to a task-invariant “structural hub.” To test these hypotheses, we conducted functional magnetic resonance imaging experiments in macaques performing a temporal contextual memory task. We found that the activated areas formed a hierarchical hub-centric network based on task-evoked directed connectivity, differently from the anatomical network reflecting axonal projection patterns. Using a novel simulated-lesion method based on support vector machine, we estimated severity of impairment after lesioning of each area, which accorded well with a known dissociation in contextual memory impairment in macaques (impairment after lesioning in area 9/46d, but not in area 8Ad). The predicted severity of impairment was proportional to the network “hubness” of the virtually lesioned area in the task-evoked directed connectivity network, rather than in the anatomical network known from tracer studies. Our results suggest that PFC areas dynamically and cooperatively shape a functional hub-centric network to reallocate the lesion-effective site depending on the cognitive processes, apart from static anatomical hubs. These findings will be a foundation for precise prediction of behavioral impacts of damage or surgical intervention in human brains.
机译：神经影像动物和神经生理学揭示了前额叶皮质（PFC）中的多个区域在特定的记忆任务中激活，但PFC病变后损伤的严重程度根据哪个激活的区域损坏而损坏。病变网站与损伤之间的关键关系尚未得到明确的机制解释。虽然最近的作品提出了一个全脑网络包含集线器中的集线器，依赖于基于解剖结构的结构网络在皮质信息处理中发挥综合角色，不能考虑特定任务的易受攻击的基因座，其损害会带来损害。在这里，我们假设（i）激活的PFC区域动态地形成以任务特定的“功能集线器”为中心的有序网络，并且Lesion-Universion的站点对应于“功能集线器”，但不对任务不变“结构枢纽”。为了测试这些假设，我们在执行时间内存记忆任务的MAKQUES中进行了功能磁共振成像实验。我们发现激活的区域基于任务诱发的定向连接形成分层集线器网络，与反射轴突投影图案的解剖网络不同。使用基于支持向量机的新型模拟病变方法，我们估计每个区域损害后损伤的严重程度，这对Macaques中的上下文记忆障碍中的已知解离符合良好的解离（在9/46D面积损失后损害，但不损害区域8AD）。预测的损伤严重程度与任务诱发的定向连接网络中的几乎损伤区域的网络“毂”成比例，而不是在示踪剂研究中已知的解剖网络中。我们的研究结果表明，PFC领域的动态和协作地塑造了功能性的集线器网络，根据认知过程，除了静态解剖轮毂之外，将病变有效的部位重新分配。这些发现将是精确预测人类脑中损伤或手术干预的行为影响的基础。

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