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首页> 外文期刊>Journal of advanced transportation >The Impact of Violations of Bicycles and Pedestrians on Vehicle Emissions at Signalized Intersections
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The Impact of Violations of Bicycles and Pedestrians on Vehicle Emissions at Signalized Intersections

机译：违反自行车和行人对信号交叉口的车辆排放的影响

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An intersection is a typical emission hot spot in the urban traffic network. And frequent violations such as running the red light have been a critical social problem at signalized intersections in developing countries. This article aimed to quantify the impact of violations (behaviors which will block the fleet) on emissions at signalized intersections. Increased emissions of vehicles affected by violations are of two levels: (1) trajectory level for the first four affected vehicles and (2) traffic flow level for the subsequent vehicles. At the trajectory level, the study focuses on the second-by-second activities of the first four affected vehicles. First, the trajectory model of the first affected vehicle is developed. Then, the trajectory of the other three vehicles is constructed using the Gipps car-following model. At the traffic flow level, a linear emission model is developed to describe the relationship between emission factors and idling time in the one-stop (vehicle stop once) and two-stop (vehicle stop twice) scenarios based on the global position system (GPS)-collected data at 44 intersections in Beijing. Based on the linear emission model, increased emissions at the traffic flow level are calculated as knowing the number of stops and idling time before and after violations. The analysis of the subsequent vehicles is divided into unsaturated and saturated conditions. Under the unsaturated condition, the emissions have barely increased due to the increase of idling time for one-stop vehicles caused by the violations. Under the saturated conditions, the emission increment increases sharply as the one-stop vehicle gradually transforms to a two-stop vehicle because of violations, and the maximum emission increment reaches 45% in half an hour in the case. The increment of emissions decreases steadily as the proportion of two-stop vehicles reaches 100% after violations, while the proportion before violations keeps increasing.
机译：十字路口是城市交通网络中的典型排放热点。频繁的违规行为，如运行红灯一直是发展中国家的信号交叉口的关键社会问题。本文旨在量化违规行为（行为阻止舰队）对信号交叉口排放的影响。增加受违规行为的车辆排放量是两个水平：（1）前四辆受影响车辆的轨迹水平和（2）后续车辆的交通流量水平。在轨迹层面，研究重点是前四辆受影响车辆的二次第二次活动。首先，开发了第一辆受影响车辆的轨迹模型。然后，使用GIPPS Car-Director模型构建其他三辆车辆的轨迹。在交通流量水平上，开发了线性发射模型，以描述基于全球位置系统的一站式（车辆停止一次）和两站式（车辆停止两次）场景之间的排放因子和空闲时间之间的关系（GPS ）在北京的44个交叉路口中进行的数据。基于线性排放模型，计算交通流量水平的排放量增加，如违反之前和之后的停止和空转时间的数量。将随后的车辆分析分为不饱和和饱和的条件。在不饱和条件下，由于违规行为造成的一站式车辆的空转时间增加，排放几乎没有增加。在饱和条件下，由于一止动辆车由于违规而逐渐转换为双停车，发射增量急剧增加，并且在壳体中最大排放增量达到45％。排放增量稳步下降，因为两次停车车的比例达到违规后100％，而违规前的比例则不断增加。

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