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首页> 外文期刊>Journal of International Humanitarian Action >Closing well: national and international humanitarian workers’ perspectives on the ethics of closing humanitarian health projects
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Closing well: national and international humanitarian workers’ perspectives on the ethics of closing humanitarian health projects

机译：结束：国家和国际人道主义工作人员对截止人道主义卫生项目的道德规范的观点

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Project closure is a core feature of humanitarian action. However, how decisions to end projects are made, and how closure is planned and implemented, has implications for upholding ethical commitments, and can have positive or negative consequences for affected communities, local stakeholders, and humanitarian organizations and their staff. To better understand the ethical dimensions of closing humanitarian projects, we undertook an investigation of national and international humanitarian workers’ experiences.Guided by interpretive description methodology, we conducted an exploratory qualitative study with two rounds of semi-structured interviews. Four national and five international staff of non-governmental organizations with experience of humanitarian health project closure took part. The participants had diverse professional roles and disciplinary backgrounds. All participants took part in the first round of interviews which focused on experiences and perceptions of ethics and project closure. Analysis of these interviews contributed to the development of a draft “ethics guidance note.” Five of the participants took part in the second round of interviews which focused on receiving feedback on the draft guidance note. We used constant comparative techniques and a recursive approach to data collection and analysis. In this article, we draw on both rounds of interviews to present findings related to how participants understood and experienced ethical responsibilities, challenges, and opportunities for humanitarian project closure.We identified six recurrent ethical concerns highlighted by interviewees regarding closure of humanitarian projects: respectfully engaging with partners and stakeholders, planning responsively, communicating transparently, demonstrating care for local communities and staff during project closure, anticipating and acting to minimize harms, and attending to sustainability and project legacy. We present these ethical concerns according to the temporal horizon of humanitarian action, that is, arising across five phases of a project’s timeline: design, implementation, deciding whether to close, implementing closure, and post-closure.This exploratory study contributes to discussions concerning the ethics of project closure by illuminating how they are experienced and understood from the perspectives of national and international humanitarian workers. The interview findings contributed to the development of an ethics guidance note that aims to support project closures that minimize harms and uphold values, while being mindful of the limits of ethical ideals in non-ideal circumstances.
机译：项目关闭是人道主义行动的核心特征。但是，如何制定对结束项目的决策，以及如何计划和实施闭包，对维护道德承诺有影响，并且可以对受影响的社区，当地利益相关者和人道主义组织及其工作人员具有积极或负面影响。为了更好地了解关闭人道主义项目的道德维度，我们对国家和国际人道主义工作人员的经验进行了调查。通过解释性描述方法，我们进行了两轮半结构化访谈的探索性定性研究。四个国家和五个国际非政府组织的国际工作人员，具有人道主义健康项目关闭的经验。参与者具有不同的专业角色和纪律背景。所有参与者参加了第一轮访谈，重点是对道德和项目关闭的经验和看法。对这些访谈的分析有助于制定“道德指导票据”草案。其中五位参与者参加了第二轮访谈，重点是接受指导草案的反馈。我们使用持续的比较技术和数据收集和分析的递归方法。在本文中，我们借鉴了与参与者如何理解和经验丰富的道德责任，挑战和人道主义项目闭规机会相关的调查结果。我们确定了受访者关于关闭人道主义项目的六个经常性的道德问题：尊重人道主义项目：尊重与合作伙伴和利益攸关方，响应地规划，透明地宣传，展示在项目关闭期间的当地社区和工作人员的关注，预测和行动，以尽量减少危害，并参加可持续性和项目遗产。我们提出了这些道德问题，根据人道主义行动的时间，即在项目时间表的五个阶段产生：设计，实施，决定是否关闭，实施关闭和后期关闭。这项探索性研究有助于讨论从国家和国际人道主义工作人员的角度照明他们的经验和理解，项目关闭的伦理。面试表明有助于制定道德指导措施，旨在支持项目封闭，尽量减少危害和稳健价值，同时介绍在非理想情况下的道德理想的限制。

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