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Toxicity Evaluation of Common Drilling Fluid Additives and Applicability Comparison of Marine Toxicity Test Organisms

机译:常见钻井液添加剂的毒性评价和海洋毒性试验生物的适用性比较

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The use of drilling additives has rapidly increased with the growing complexity of the drilling process. The environmental hazards associated with drilling waste have drawn a great deal of attention. It is, therefore, necessary to select eco-friendly drilling fluid additives and screen for suitable bioindicators. In the present study, toxicity tests were conducted in accordance with ISO 11348-1 (2007) and the Chinese national standards GB/T 21805-2008 and GB/T 18420.2-2009. Standard marine test organisms were used, including the bioluminescent bacterium Vibrio fischeri, marine diatom Chaetoceros muelleri, cladoceran Moina mongolica, anostracan Artemia salina, whiteleg shrimp Litopenaeus vannamei, and fish Mugilogobius chulae. The results showed that sulfonated asphalt and emulsifier 2 were the most toxic of the 26 drilling fluid additives tested, followed by White oil No. 3, anti-high temperature fluid loss additive, cleaning agent, and emulsifier 1. The order of species sensitivity to drilling fluid component toxicity was M. chulae>M. mongolica>A. salina>L. vannamei>C. muelleri>V. fischeri. A. salina, M. mongolica, and L. vannamei were significantly correlated with each other, as were V. fischeri and C. muelleri, while M. chulae was significantly and positively correlated with C. muelleri and L. vannamei. In conclusion, it was determined that M. chulae is suitable as a standard laboratory-reared organism for drilling waste toxicity assessments, followed by M. mongolica and C. muelleri. In view of their comparatively high toxicities, both sulfonated asphalt and emulsifier 2 merit further investigation and should be replaced by more ecologically benign products.
机译:利用钻井过程的复杂性越来越多,使用钻孔添加剂迅速增加。与钻井废物相关的环境危害引起了大量的关注。因此,需要为合适的生物indicer选择生态型钻井液添加剂和筛选是必要的。在本研究中,毒性测试按照ISO 11348-1(2007)和中国国家标准GB / T 21805-2008和GB / T 18420.2-2009进行进行。使用标准海洋试验生物,包括生物发光细菌vibrio fischeri,海洋硅藻曲霉菌,克拉科伦莫纳蒙古,Anostracan artemia salina,whiteleg虾litopenaeus vannamei,以及鱼类蛋白核酸chulae。结果表明,磺化沥青和乳化剂2是测试的26个钻井液添加剂中最有毒,其次是白色油3号,抗高温流体损失添加剂,清洁剂和乳化剂1.物种敏感性的顺序钻井液组分毒性是M. Chulae> M。蒙古> a。 Salina> L. vannamei> c。 Muelleri> v。 Fischeri。 A. Salina,M. Mongolica和L.Vannamei彼此显着相关,如V.Fischeri和C.Muelleri,而M. Chulae与C. Muelleri和L.Vannamei显着呈正相关。总之,确定M. Chulae适合作为钻探废物毒性评估的标准实验室饲养的生物,其次是M. Mongolica和C.Muelleri。鉴于其相对较高的毒性,磺化沥青和乳化剂2的优点进一步调查,并应由更生态的良性产品取代。

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