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首页> 外文期刊>Journal of the International Society of Sports Nutrition >Analysis of food and fluid intake in elite ultra-endurance runners during a 24-h world championship
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Analysis of food and fluid intake in elite ultra-endurance runners during a 24-h world championship

机译：24小时世界锦标赛中精英超耐力跑步者食品和液体摄入量分析

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BACKGROUND:Properly replacing energy and fluids is a challenge for 24-h ultramarathoners because such unusually high intake may induce adverse effects (gastrointestinal symptoms [GIS] and exercise-associated hyponatremia [EAH]). We analyzed such intake for 12 twelve elite athletes (6 males and 6 females; age: 46?±?7?years, height: 170?±?9?cm, weight: 61.1?±?9.6?kg, total distance run: 193-272?km) during the 2019 24-h World Championships and compared it to the latest nutritional recommendations described by the International Society of Sports Nutrition in 2019. We hypothesized that these elite athletes would easily comply these recommendations without exhibiting detrimental adverse symptoms.METHODS:Ad libitum food and fluid intake was recorded in real-time and energy, macronutrient, sodium, and caffeine intake then calculated using a spreadsheet in which the nutritional composition of each item was previously recorded. GIS, markers of dehydration (body mass modifications, plasma and urine osmolality, and plasma volume; samples obtained 26?h before and just after the race) and EAH (plasma and urine sodium concentrations) were also assessed.RESULTS:Fluid, energy, and carbohydrate intake of the 11 finishers was 16.4?±?6.9?L, 35.1?±?15.7?MJ, and 1.49?±?0.71?kg, respectively. Individual analyses showed that all but one (for fluid intake) or two (for energy and carbohydrate intake) consumed more than the minimum recommendations. The calculated energy balance remained, however, largely negative (-?29.5?±?16.1?MJ). Such unusually high intake was not accompanied by detrimental GIS (recorded in 75%, but only transiently [3.0?±?0.9?h]) or EAH (0%). The athletes were not dehydrated, shown by the absence of significant body mass loss (-?0.92?±?2.13%) and modifications of plasma osmolality and an increase in plasma volume (+?19.5?±?15.8%). Performance (distance ran) positively correlated with energy intake (ρ?=?0.674, p?=?0.023) and negatively (ρ?=?-?0.776, p?=?0.005) with fluid intake.CONCLUSIONS:Overall, almost all of these elite 24-h ultramarathoners surpassed the nutritional recommendations without encountering significant or the usual adverse effects.
机译：背景技术：适当替代的能量和流体是24小时超越的挑战，因为这种异常高的摄入可能会诱发不利影响（胃肠症状[GIS]和运动相关的低钠血症[eah]）。我们分析了12个12个精英运动员（6名男性和6名女性的摄入量;年龄：46？±7？年，身高：170？±α9？CM，重量：61.1？±±9.6？kg，总距离运行： 193-272 km）在2019年的2019年世界锦标赛中，并将其与2019年国际体育营养学会描述的最新营养建议进行了比较。我们假设这些精英运动员在不表现不利的不良症状的情况下很容易遵守这些建议。方法：采用实时和能量，Macronurient，钠和咖啡因摄入量的AD Libitum食品和液体摄入，然后使用先前记录了每个项目的营养成分的电子表格来计算。 GIS，脱水标记（体重修饰，血浆和尿液渗透压渗透压渗透压体积;在比赛之前和刚刚在比赛之后获得的样品）和eAH（血浆和尿素钠浓度）获得的样品。结果：液体，能量，和11个装饰器的碳水化合物摄入量为16.4？±6.9°？6.9？L，35.1？±15.7个？MJ，以及1.49？±0.71？kg。个别分析表明，除了最低建议之外，所有除一（用于液体摄入量）或两（用于能量和碳水化合物摄入量）。然而，计算的能量平衡仍然是阴性的（ - - ？29.5？±16.1？MJ）。这种异常高的摄入不伴随有害的GIS（以75％记录，但仅瞬时[3.0？±0.9℃]）或EAH（0％）。运动员没有脱水，通过没有显着的体重损失（ - α0.92→2.13％）和血浆渗透压的修饰和血浆体积增加（+？19.5？±15.8％）。性能（距离ran）与能量摄入（ρα= 0.674，p？= 0.023）和负（ρα=Δ - 0.776，p？0.005）与液体摄入量。结论：总体而言，几乎所有这些精英24-H utlaramarathoner超越了营养建议，而不遇到重大或通常的不利影响。

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