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首页> 外文期刊>Atmospheric chemistry and physics >The Elbrus (Caucasus, Russia) ice core record – Part 2: history of desert dust deposition
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The Elbrus (Caucasus, Russia) ice core record – Part 2: history of desert dust deposition

机译：Elbrus（高加索，俄罗斯）冰核记录 - 第2部分：沙漠尘沉积的历史

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Ice cores are one of the most valuable paleo-archives. Records from ice cores provide information not only about the amount of dust in the atmosphere, but also about dust sources and their changes in the past. In 2009, a 182 m long ice core was recovered from the western plateau of Mt Elbrus (5115 m a.s.l.). This record was further extended after a shallow ice core was drilled in?2013. Here we analyse Ca2+ concentrations, a commonly used proxy of dust, recorded in these Elbrus ice records over the time period of 1774–2013 CE. The Ca2+ record reveals quasi-decadal variability with a generally increasing trend. Using multiple regression analysis, we found a statistically significant spatial correlation of the Elbrus Ca2+ summer concentrations with precipitation and soil moisture content in the Levant region (specifically Syria and Iraq). The Ca2+ record also correlates with drought indices in North Africa (r=0.67, p0.001) and Middle East regions (r=0.71, p0.001). Dust concentrations prominently increase in the ice core over the past 200?years, confirming that the recent droughts in the Fertile Crescent (1998–2012 CE) present the most severe aridity experienced in at least the past two centuries. For the most recent 33?years recorded (1979–2012 CE), significant correlations exist between Ca2+ and Pacific circulation indices (Pacific Decadal Oscillation, Southern Oscillation Index and Ni?o?4), which suggests that the increased frequency of extreme El Ni?o and La Ni?a events due to a warming climate has extended their influence to the Middle East. Evidence demonstrates that the increase in Ca2+ concentration in the ice core cannot be attributed to human activities, such as coal combustion and cement production.
机译：冰核是最有价值的古档案之一。冰芯的记录不仅提供了大气中的灰尘量，还提供了尘埃源及其过去的变化。 2009年，从Mt Elbrus的西部高原（5115米A.L.）中回收了182米长的冰芯。在2013年钻出浅冰核之后，此记录进一步延长。在这里，我们分析了CA2 +浓度，常用的灰尘代表，在这些埃尔布鲁姆冰记录中记录在1774 - 2013年CE的时间段内。 CA2 +记录揭示了准分支变异，呈普遍增加的趋势。使用多元回归分析，我们发现ELBRURS CA2 +夏季浓度具有沉淀和养分区域（特别是叙利亚和伊拉克）的沉淀和土壤水分含量的统计学显着的空间相关性。 CA2 +记录还与北非的干旱指数相关（r = 0.67，p <0.001）和中东地区（r = 0.71，p <0.001）。过去200年冰核占据尘埃浓度突出增加，确认肥沃的新月中最近的干旱（1998-2012 Ce）呈现至少在过去的两年内最苛刻的含量。对于最近的33年录制（1979-2012 CE），CA2 +和Pacific循环指数（太平洋横跨振荡，南方振荡指数和NI？4）之间存在显着相关性，这表明极端EL NI的频率增加？o和la ni？由于气候变暖而导致的事件将它们的影响延长到中东。证据表明，冰芯中Ca2 +浓度的增加不能归因于人类活动，例如煤燃烧和水泥生产。

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