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首页> 外文期刊>RSC Advances >A cost-effective disposable graphene-modified electrode decorated with alternating layers of Au NPs for the simultaneous detection of dopamine and uric acid in human urine
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A cost-effective disposable graphene-modified electrode decorated with alternating layers of Au NPs for the simultaneous detection of dopamine and uric acid in human urine

机译：一种经济高效的一次性石墨烯改性电极，具有Au NP的交替层，用于同时检测人类尿液中的多巴胺和尿酸

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A disposable electrode based on a highly sensitive and readily fabricated arrangement of alternating AuNP and graphene layers was introduced for the simultaneous determination of dopamine and uric acid. The process by which the disposable electrodes were fabricated is simple, fast, and accomplished through the direct electrochemical reduction of graphene oxide and Au( III ) onto a graphite pencil electrode surface. Extraordinary electrocatalytic activities of the graphene nanocomposite were observed in the presence of dopamine and uric acid. The synthesized graphene oxide was characterized by Raman and FTIR spectroscopy. The surface morphology, elemental, and electrochemical characterization of the bare and modified electrodes were analyzed by field emission scanning electron microscopy (FE-SEM), energy dispersive X-ray spectroscopy (EDX), cyclic voltammetry (CV), and electrochemical impedance spectroscopy (EIS). Good linear sensitivity was obtained over the ranges of 0.1–25 μM for dopamine and 0.09–25 μM for uric acid under optimal conditions using square wave voltammetry. Very low limits of detection of 0.024 μM (dopamine) and 0.029 μM (uric acid) were attained from the fabricated electrochemical sensors. The dopamine and uric acid peak separation was 151 mV. The graphene nanocomposite on the GPE surface effectively improved the peak separation, electroactive surface area, sensitivity, selectivity, and reproducibility. The fabricated electrode behaved well in the presence of high concentrations of ascorbic acid and in the presence of other potentially interfering compounds. The electrochemical sensors did not undergo surface fouling, particularly in the presence of dopamine, which tends to severely foul surfaces after a single measurement. The cost effectiveness of the sensor, the short fabrication time, and the lack of surface fouling, especially in the presence of dopamine, render these novel electrodes both multi-use and disposable.
机译：引入了基于高敏感和易于制造的交替的AUNP和石墨烯层布置的一次性电极用于同时测定多巴胺和尿酸。通过将石墨烯和Au（iii）的直接电化学还原到石墨铅笔电极表面上的直接电化学还原，制造一次性电极的方法简单，快速，并且通过直接电化学还原到石墨铅笔电极表面上。在多巴胺和尿酸存在下观察石墨烯纳米复合材料的非凡电催化活性。通过拉曼和FTIR光谱表征合成的石墨烯氧化物。通过场发射扫描电子显微镜（Fe-SEM），能量分散X射线光谱（EDX），循环伏安法（CV）和电化学阻抗光谱（电化学阻抗光谱（电化学阻抗光谱）分析裸露和改性电极的表面形态学，元素和电化学表征。 EIS）。使用方波伏安法在最佳条件下，在多巴胺的0.1-25μm和0.09-25μm的范围内获得良好的线性敏感性。从制造的电化学传感器中获得了0.024μm（多巴胺）和0.029μm（尿酸）的非常低的检测限。多巴胺和尿酸峰分离为151mV。 GPE表面上的石墨烯纳米复合材料有效地改善了峰分离，电活性表面积，灵敏度，选择性和再现性。在存在高浓度的抗坏血酸并且在其他潜在的干扰化合物存在下，制造电极表现良好。电化学传感器没有接受表面污垢，特别是在多巴胺存在下，这在单一测量后趋于严重污染表面。传感器的成本效益，短的制造时间和表面污垢缺乏，特别是在多巴胺存在下，使这些新颖的电极都多用和一次性。

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