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Synthesis, structural characterization and photocatalytic application of ZnO@ZnS core–shell nanoparticles

机译：ZnO ZnS核壳纳米粒子的合成，结构表征和光催化应用

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ZnO nanoparticles were synthesized by co-precipitation with no capping agent followed by covering with ZnS using a solution-based chemical method at low temperature. By variation of the solution concentrations it was found that the fully-covering ZnS shell forms by a reaction of Na _(2) S with ZnO NPs followed by the formation of ZnS nano-crystals by the reaction of Na _(2) S with ZnCl _(2) . The mechanism that led to full coverage of the ZnO core is proposed to be the addition of ZnCl _(2) at a later stage of the growth which guarantees a continuous supply of Zn ions to the core surface. Moreover, the ZnS nano-crystals that uniformly cover the ZnO NPs show no epitaxial relationship between the ZnO core and ZnS shell. The slow atomic mobility at the low reaction temperature is attributed to the non-epitaxial uniform ZnS shell growth. The rough surface of the ZnO grains provides initial nucleation positions for the growth of the ZnS shell nano-crystals. The low growth temperature also inhibits the abnormal growth of ZnS grains and results in the homogeneous coverage of ZnS nano-crystals on the ZnO core surface. The as-synthesized ZnO@ZnS core–shell nanoparticles were used as a photocatalyst to decompose Rose Bengal dye at three different pH values. ZnO@ZnS core–shell nanoparticles perform as a more active photocatalyst at a pH of 4, while pure ZnO nanoparticles are more efficient at a pH of 7.
机译：通过共沉淀合成ZnO纳米颗粒，在低温下使用基于溶液的化学方法覆盖覆盖剂，然后用ZnS覆盖。通过溶液浓度的变异，发现通过Na _（2）S与ZnO NP的反应，然后通过Na _（2）S的反应形成ZnS纳米晶体的完全覆盖ZnS壳形成zncl _（2）。提出了导致ZnO核心全面覆盖的机制，以在生长的后期添加ZnCl _（2），这保证了Zn离子的连续供应到芯表面。此外，均匀覆盖ZnO NPS的ZnS纳米晶体显示ZnO核和ZnS壳之间的外延关系。低反应温度下的慢原子迁移率归因于非外延均匀ZnS壳生长。 ZnO晶粒的粗糙表面为ZnS壳纳米晶体的生长提供了初始成核位置。低生长温度还抑制ZnS晶粒的异常生长，并导致ZnO核心表面上的ZnS纳米晶体的均匀覆盖。用作合成的ZnO ZnO ZnS核 - 壳纳米颗粒作为光催化剂，以在三种不同的pH值下分解升降升瓣染料。 ZnO @ ZnS核 - 壳纳米颗粒在pH的pH下以更高的光催化剂进行，而纯ZnO纳米颗粒在pH的pH下更有效。

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