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Spatial distribution of various forms of malnutrition among reproductive age women in Nepal: A Bayesian geoadditive quantile regression approach

机译：尼泊尔生殖年龄妇女各种形式的营养不良的空间分布：贝叶斯Geoadditive数量回归方法

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Addressing both the under-and over-nutritional status of women is an eminent challenge for developing countries like Nepal. This paper examined a critical analysis of factors associated with various forms of malnutrition using Bayesian geoadditive quantile regression approach and assessed spatial variations of malnutrition among Nepalese women using Asian cut-off values. Data drawn from the 2016 Nepal Demographic and Health Survey was utilized to assess the spatial distributions of underweight, overweight and obesity at the provincial level. Spatial and nonlinear components were estimated using Markov random fields and Bayesian P-splines, respectively. The analysis of 4,338 women confirmed that women living in extremely urbanized areas and in Province 1, Province 3, and Province 4 were more likely to be overweight/obese. Similarly, the likelihood of being underweight was prominently high among women residing in rural municipality and women residing in Province 2 and Province 7. Women from the richest and richer quintiles, and with primary education were more likely to be obese. Furthermore, currently-working women and women having access to protected water source were less likely to be obese while improved toilet and access to electricity facility were associated with obesity. Women with access to newspaper and radio were less prone to obesity. Inconsistent distribution of under- and over-nutrition existed in Nepal, given that the high prevalence of overweight/obesity among women living in metropolitan and undernutrition among rural women. Specific intervention measures, addressing location-specific nutrition issues are urgent. Rigorous implementation of strategies incorporated in the national nutrition plan is called for to curb the burden of overweight/obesity. Involving mass media to promote healthier lifestyle and nutritious food could be advantageous at the population level, especially in rural municipalities.
机译：解决妇女的下营养状况和营养不良的地位是尼泊尔这样的发展中国家的知名挑战。本文研究了使用贝叶斯Geoadditive分位数回归方法与各种形式营养不良相关的因素的关键分析，并评估了使用亚洲截止值的尼泊尔女性营养不良的空间变化。从2016年尼泊尔人口和健康调查中汲取的数据用于评估省级体重减轻，超重和肥胖的空间分布。使用Markov随机字段和贝叶斯p样分估计空间和非线性组分。 4,338名妇女的分析证实，居住在省级的妇女和省内1，省3和省4更有可能超重/肥胖。同样，在居住在省级2和省内的农村市和妇女居住的女性中，妇女的普遍存在的可能性很高。来自最富裕和更丰富的昆虫，以及初级教育的女性更有可能是肥胖的。此外，目前正在努力的妇女和有权受到保护的水源的妇女的可能性不太可能是肥胖的，而改善厕所和电力设施与肥胖有关。获得报纸和收音机的妇女不太容易发生肥胖。鉴于尼泊尔存在于尼泊尔的妇女超重/肥胖的高度普及，享受居住在大都市和农村妇女的欠期间的高度普遍存在。具体的干预措施，解决特定地点的营养问题是迫切的。呼吁遏制超重/肥胖的负担，规定纳入国家营养计划的战略实施。涉及大众媒体促进更健康的生活方式和营养食品可能在人口层面有利，特别是在农村城市。

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