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首页> 外文期刊>Ecosphere >Distinct microbial communities alter litter decomposition rates in a fertilized coastal plain wetland
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Distinct microbial communities alter litter decomposition rates in a fertilized coastal plain wetland

机译：不同的微生物社区改变受精沿海湿地垃圾分解率

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Human activities have led to increased deposition of nitrogen (N) and phosphorus (P) into soils. Nutrient enrichment of soils is known to increase plant biomass and rates of microbial litter decomposition. However, interacting effects of hydrologic position and associated changes to soil moisture can constrain microbial activity and lead to unexpected nutrient feedbacks on microbial community structure–function relationships. Examining feedbacks of nutrient enrichment on decomposition rates is essential for predicting microbial contributions to carbon (C) cycling as atmospheric deposition of nutrients persists. This study explored how long‐term nutrient addition and contrasting litter chemical composition influenced soil bacterial community structure and function. We hypothesized that long‐term nutrient enrichment of low fertility soils alters bacterial community structure and leads to higher rates of litter decomposition especially for low C:N litter, but low‐nutrient and dry conditions limit microbial decomposition of high C:N ratio litter. We leveraged a long‐term fertilization experiment to test how nutrient enrichment and hydrologic manipulation (due to ditches) affected decomposition and soil bacterial community structure in a nutrient‐poor coastal plain wetland. We conducted a litter bag experiment and characterized litter‐associated and bulk soil microbiomes using 16S rRNA bacterial sequencing and quantified litter mass losses and soil physicochemical properties. Results revealed that distinct bacterial communities were involved in decomposing higher C:N ratio litter more quickly in fertilized compared to unfertilized soils especially under drier soil conditions, while decomposition rates of lower C:N ratio litter were similar between fertilized and unfertilized plots. Bacterial community structure in part explained litter decomposition rates, and long‐term fertilization and drier hydrologic status affected bacterial diversity and increased decomposition rates. However, community composition associated with high C:N litter was similar in wetter plots with available nitrate detected, regardless of fertilization treatment. This study provides insight into long‐term fertilization effects on soil bacterial diversity and composition, decomposition, and the increased potential for soil C loss as nutrient enrichment and hydrology interact to affect historically low‐nutrient ecosystems.
机译：人类活动导致氮（N）和磷（P）的沉积增加到土壤中。已知土壤养分富集植物生物质和微生物凋落物分解的速率。然而，水文位置和相关变化对土壤水分的相互作用可以限制微生物活性并导致对微生物群落结构功能关系的意外养分反馈。检查营养素富集对分解率的反馈对于预测对碳（C）循环的微生物贡献，因为营养物的大气沉积仍然存在。本研究探讨了多长期养分添加和对比垃圾化学成分影响土壤细菌群落结构和功能。我们假设低生育土壤的长期养分富集改变了细菌群落结构，并导致凋落物分解率较高，特别是对于低C：N凋落物，但低营养和干燥条件限制高C：N比凋落物的微生物分解。我们利用长期施肥实验来测试营养丰富和水文操纵（由于沟渠）如何影响营养不良的沿海平原湿地中的分解和土壤细菌群落结构。我们使用16S rRNA细菌测序和定量垃圾质量损失和土壤理化性质进行了一种垃圾袋实验和表征垃圾相关和散装土壤微生物。结果表明，与施肥相比，不同的细菌社区涉及分解较高的C：n比肥料，尤其是在干燥的土壤条件下，施用施肥和未受精之间的分解率较低的C：n比例凋亡。细菌群落结构部分解释了凋落物分解率，以及长期施肥和干燥干燥水文状态影响细菌多样性和增加的分解率。然而，无论受精治疗如何，与高C：n垫片相关的群体组合物在潮湿的乙酸盐中相似。本研究为土壤细菌多样性和组成，分解和土壤C损失增加的潜力提供了深入的施肥效应，以及营养丰富和水文互动影响历史上低营养生态系统。

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