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Forest fire and law: an analysis of Turkish forest fire legislation based on Food and Agriculture Organization criteria

机译：森林火灾和法律：基于食品和农业组织标准的土耳其森林消防立法分析

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摘要

Because of climate and forest vegetation, Turkey has regions (particularly the Mediterranean and Aegean regions) that are vulnerable to forest fires. Approximately 2000 forest fires have occurred every year for the last 20 years, with at least 48% of them caused by humans. This percentage increases to 71% when the rates of fires of unknown causes are included. In this study, legislation on Turkish forest fires was analyzed based on the Food and Agriculture Organization’s (FAO’s) guide, “Forest Fires and the Law.” The guide was prepared by expert lawyers and addresses the basic topics of definitions; institutional setup and interinstitutional coordination planning, monitoring, and assessment; prevention and preparedness; detection and early warning and suppression; participatory and community-based approaches to fire management; fire use; rehabilitation; and law enforcement. The objective of this study was to reveal the current status of Turkish forestry legislation and its practices based on the FAO guide. According to our analysis, Turkish forestry legislation has followed the FAO criteria 78.1% of the time. It is clear that effective regulations exist, with the Turkish Constitution being the foremost touchstone. The results illustrate that, no matter how strong the legislation is, a deficiency in administrative measures and a lack of public awareness make combating forest fires unsuccessful. The areas that need to be improved have been determined to be definitions, participatory and community-based approaches to fire management, and creating a fire line. A focus on public participation and the social approach is needed.
机译：由于气候和森林植被，土耳其有森林火灾的地区（特别是地中海和爱琴海）。在过去的20年里，大约2000年森林火灾发生了每年发生，其中至少有48％由人类引起的。当包含未知原因的火灾速率时，此百分比增加到71％​​。在这项研究中，根据粮食和农业组织（粮农组织）指导，“森林火灾和法律”分析了土耳其森林火灾的立法。该指南由专家律师编制，并解决定义的基本主题;制度设置和识别宪法协调规划，监测和评估;预防和准备;检测和预警和抑制;参与式和社区的消防管理方法;火灾使用;复原;和执法。本研究的目的是揭示土耳其林业立法的现状及其基于粮农组织指南的实践。根据我们的分析，土耳其林业立法遵循粮农组织标准78.1％的时间。很明显存在有效的法规，土耳其宪法是最重要的香槟石。结果表明，无论立法如何，行政措施的缺乏缺乏，缺乏公众意识，使森林火灾不成功。需要改进的领域已经决定是对火灾管理的定义，参与性和社区和社区的方法，并创造火线。重点关注公共参与和社会方法。

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