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Innovativeness of Enterprises in Poland in the Regional Context

机译：地区背景下波兰企业的创新

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The article examines the innovativeness of enterprises in 69 Polish NUTS3 sub-regions in 2014. The analysis is based on unpublished regional data from the Polish Central Statistical Office covering the following variables: the share of enterprises which have incurred outlays for innovative activities, the share of enterprises implementing process or product innovations, the share of companies collaborating in the field of innovation, and the share of new or modernized products in total production sold in industrial companies. The analysis focuses on building rankings and cluster analysis of NUTS3 regions. As research methods, the author uses selected methods of multidimensional comparative analysis, principal component analysis, and the hierarchical Ward's method. The results show that there are substantial differences among NUTS3 sub-regions as regards innovativeness of enterprises. The low level of cooperation does not foster innovation. Innovation outputs of enterprises are also unsatisfactory. The highest variation is seen in the share of new or modernized products in total production sold in industrial companies. The final effect of the cluster analysis is the division of regions into 7 groups. In the case of units where innovation inputs are not reflected in innovation outputs, it would be useful to explore regional and local factors influencing those relations. Further research is still needed.
机译：本文探讨了2014年69个波兰坚果3子地区企业的创新。分析基于来自波兰中央统计办公室的未发表的区域数据，涵盖以下变量：企业占有于创新活动的支出，份额企业实施过程或产品创新，公司在创新领域合作的份额，以及新的或现代化产品在工业公司的总产量中的份额。该分析侧重于建筑物排名和螺母3区的聚类分析。作为研究方法，作者使用所选的多维比较分析，主成分分析和分层病房方法的选定方法。结果表明，在企业的创新方面存在坚果3子区域存在大幅差异。低合作水平并不促进创新。企业的创新产出也不令人满意。在工业公司销售的全部生产中的新产品或现代化产品的份额中可以看到最高的变化。聚类分析的最终效果是区域分为7组。在创新投入没有反映在创新产出的单位的情况下，探索影响这些关系的区域和地方因素将是有用的。还需要进一步研究。

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