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首页> 外文期刊>Applied Microbiology >Hindgut Microbiota Reflects Different Digestive Strategies in Dung Beetles (Coleoptera: Scarabaeidae: Scarabaeinae)
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Hindgut Microbiota Reflects Different Digestive Strategies in Dung Beetles (Coleoptera: Scarabaeidae: Scarabaeinae)

机译：后果微生物群反映了粪甲虫的不同消化系统策略（殖民科省：Scarabaeidae：Scarabaeinae）

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Gut microbes play an important role in the biology and evolution of insects. Australian native dung beetles (Scarabaeinae) present an opportunity to study gut microbiota in an evolutionary context as they come from two distinct phylogenetic lineages and some species in each lineage have secondarily adapted to alternative or broader diets. In this study, we characterized the hindgut bacterial communities found in 21 species of dung beetles across two lineages, using 16S rRNA sequencing. We found that gut microbial diversity was more dependent on host phylogeny and gut morphology than specific dietary preferences or environment. In particular, gut microbial diversity was highest in the endemic, flightless genus Cephalodesmius , which feeds on a broad range of composted organic matter. The hindgut of Cephalodesmius beetles harbors a highly conserved core set of bacteria, suggesting that the bacteria are symbiotic. Symbiosis is supported by the persistence of the core microbiota across isolated beetle populations and between species in the genus. A coevolutionary relationship is supported by the expansion of the hindgut to form a fermentation chamber and the fermentative nature of the core microbes. In contrast, Australian species of the widespread dung beetle genus Onthophagus that specialize on a single food resource, such as dung or fungus, exhibit minimal food processing behavior and have a short, narrow hindgut and a variable gut microbiota with relatively few core bacterial taxa. A conserved, complex gut microbiota is hypothesized to be unnecessary for this highly mobile genus.IMPORTANCE Dung beetles are a very important part of an ecosystem because of their role in the removal and decomposition of vertebrate dung. It has been suspected that symbiotic gut bacteria facilitate this role, a hypothesis that we have explored with high-throughput barcoding. We found that differences in hindgut morphology had the greatest effect on the bacterial community composition. Species with a hindgut fermentation chamber harbored a distinctly different hindgut community compared to those species with a narrow, undifferentiated hindgut. Diet and phylogeny were also associated with differences in gut community. Further understanding of the relationships between dung beetles and their gut microbes will provide insights into the evolution of their behaviors and how gut communities contribute to their fitness.
机译：肠道微生物在昆虫的生物学和演化中发挥着重要作用。澳大利亚本土粪便甲虫（Scarabaeinae）在进化环境中掌握肠道微生物群的机会，因为它们来自两个不同的系统发育谱系，每个谱系中的某些物种都会转移到替代或更广泛的饮食。在这项研究中，使用16S rRNA测序，其特征在于两种谱系中的21种粪便甲虫中发现的后肠细菌群落。我们发现肠道微生物多样性更依赖于宿主发育和肠道形态，而不是特定的膳食偏好或环境。特别是，流动的流动性无飞血属mmius中的肠道微生物多样性最高，其源于广泛的堆肥有机物。头孢氨虫甲虫的后果兔子是一种高度保守的核心细菌，这表明细菌是共生的。共生是通过核心微生物群体对孤立甲虫种群的持续性以及属在属的物种之间的支持。通过膨胀后肠形成发酵室和核心微生物的发酵性质来支持共轭关系。相比之下，澳大利亚普遍存在的粪虫属属的种类专门从事单一食物资源，如粪便或真菌，表现出最小的食物加工行为，并具有短，狭窄的后盖和具有相对较少的核心细菌分类肠道的肠道微生物群。保守的复杂的肠道微生物群被假设是不必要的，因为这种高度流动的属性。分析粪便甲虫是生态系统的一个非常重要的部分，因为它们在脊椎动物的去除和分解中的作用。据怀疑，共生肠道细菌促进了这一作用，这是我们用高通量条形码探索的假设。我们发现后肠形态的差异对细菌群落组成具有最大的影响。与后肠发酵室的物种与那些具有狭窄的未分化的后肠的物种相比，具有明显不同的后肠群落。饮食和系统发育也与肠道群落的差异有关。进一步了解粪便甲虫和肠道微生物之间的关系将提供对其行为的演变以及肠道社区如何促进其健身的洞察。

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