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首页> 外文期刊>Applied Microbiology >Dynamics of the Human Nasal Microbiota and Staphylococcus aureus CC398 Carriage in Pig Truck Drivers across One Workweek
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Dynamics of the Human Nasal Microbiota and Staphylococcus aureus CC398 Carriage in Pig Truck Drivers across One Workweek

机译：一项工作周上猪驾驶员人体鼻腔微生物和金黄色葡萄球菌的动力学

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Drivers of pig trucks constitute a potential route of human transmission of livestock-associated methicillin-resistant Staphylococcus aureus clonal complex 398 (LA-MRSA CC398). In this study, we determined MRSA prevalence in pig truck drivers ( n ?=?47) and monitored the nasal microbiota of 9 drivers 3 times daily throughout 1 workweek ( n ?=?113 samples) and compared it to that of their spouses ( n ?=?25 samples from 6 spouses) and 89 nonexposed subjects. S. aureus isolates ( n ?=?232) derived from a subset of nasal and truck samples were whole-genome sequenced. The nasal alpha diversity of drivers in the beginning of the workday was lower than that of nonexposed subjects. During the workday, it increased significantly. Similarly, the drivers’ nasal composition shifted during the workday, becoming increasingly different from that of their spouses and nonexposed individuals. Clustering into community state types (CSTs) revealed frequent switches from either S. aureus - or Corynebacterium -dominated CSTs in the mornings to a Psychrobacter- dominated CST during the workday. Six intermittent MRSA carriers were mostly MRSA negative in the mornings, and their nasal microbiota resembled that of nonexposed subjects. When acquiring MRSA during the workday, they switched to the Psychrobacter- dominated CST. In contrast, the nasal microbiota of two persistent MRSA carriers was dominated by staphylococci. In conclusion, we show that the nasal microbiota of pig truck drivers is very dynamic, undergoes drastic changes during workdays, and differs from that of nonexposed subjects even before pig contact. MRSA-carrying drivers may eventually introduce MRSA into the community and health care facilities. Carriage dynamics, however, showed that for most drivers, CC398 MRSA is rapidly lost and only rarely causes transmission to spouses.IMPORTANCE In Denmark, the number of human methicillin-resistant Staphylococcus aureus (MRSA) cases has increased dramatically since the early 2000s, starting from imported cases and spreading in the community. However, today, approximately one-third of all new cases are attributed to livestock-associated MRSA clonal complex 398 (LA-MRSA CC398). This mirrors the increase in pig farms, of which 95% are now positive for LA-MRSA, and this has been caused mainly by three dominant lineages enriched for a number of key antimicrobial resistance genes. Although most human LA-MRSA CC398 infections in Denmark are linked to livestock contact, still up to one-third are not. Pig truck drivers constitute a previously understudied occupation group which may transmit LA-MRSA CC398 to household members, the community, and hospitals. In this study, we demonstrate dramatic work-related changes in the nasal microbiota of pig truck drivers, as well as in their carriage of LA-MRSA CC398. However, they likely do not constitute an important reservoir for LA-MRSA CC398 dissemination.
机译：猪卡车的司机构成了牲畜相关甲氧西蛋白抗性金黄色葡萄球菌克隆复合物398（La-MRSA CC398）的潜在途径。在这项研究中，我们在猪车司机中确定了MRSA普遍存在（N？= 47），并在整个1个工作周内每天3次监测9次司机的鼻微生物群（N？=？113样本），并将其与其配偶的相比（ n？=？25个来自6个配偶的样品）和89个非爆充受试者。来自鼻腔和卡车样品的子集的S.UUREUS分离物（N？=Δ232）是全基因组测序。工作日开始时司机的鼻α多样性低于非爆炸科目。在工作日，它显着增加。同样，司机的鼻部构成在工作日期间转移，与其配偶和任何单独的人越来越不同。群体进入社区状态类型（CSTS）透露在早晨在工作日中的精神病术中常见的CORYS-added CSTS频繁切换到Psychacter--Conded CST。六次间歇性MRSA载体主要在早晨MRSA阴性，并且它们的鼻腔微生物群类似于未引入的受试者。在工作日收购MRSA时，他们切换到精神病术中的CST。相比之下，两个持久性MRSA载体的鼻微生物群由葡萄球菌主导。总之，我们展示猪车司机的鼻微生物群是非常动态的，经历了工作日的剧烈变化，甚至在猪接触之前与非爆炸受试者的不同。携带司机的司机最终可能会将MRSA介绍进入社区和医疗保健设施。然而，运输动态表明，对于大多数司机，CC398 MRSA迅速丢失，并且只有很少导致配偶传播。在丹麦的分类，自2000年代初以来，人类甲氧西林抗性金黄色葡萄球菌（MRSA）病例的数量急剧增加从进口案件和社区传播。然而，今天，大约三分之一的新病例归因于牲畜相关的MRSA克隆复合体398（La-MRSA CC398）。这反映了猪场的增加，其中95％现在对La-MRSA呈阳性，这主要是由三种主要抗微生物抗性基因富集的三种主要谱系引起的。虽然丹麦大多数人La-MRSA CC398感染与牲畜接触有关，但仍然是最多三分之一。猪车司机构成了一个先前被认为的占领小组，可以将La-MRSA CC398传送给家庭成员，社区和医院。在这项研究中，我们展示了猪卡车司机鼻微生物群的戏剧性工作相关变化，以及他们的La-MRSA CC398的运输。然而，他们可能不构成La-MRSA CC398传播的重要水库。

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